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Distinct clinical outcomes based on multiple serum cytokine and chemokine profiles rather than autoantibody profiles and ultrasound findings in rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective ultrasound cohort study.
RMD Open
January 2025
Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
Objectives: To evaluate the potential of clinical factors, ultrasound findings, serum autoantibodies, and serum cytokine and chemokine profiles as predictors of clinical outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Patients And Methods: We included 200 patients with RA treated with biological and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in a prospective multicentre ultrasound cohort study. Their serum levels of multiple cytokines and chemokines, rheumatoid factors, and serum autoantibodies (anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide-2 (anti-CCP2) and anti-carbamylated protein antibodies) were measured at baseline, 3 months and 12 months.
Effects of Dietary Habits on Markers of Oxidative Stress in Subjects with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: Comparison Between the Mediterranean Diet and a Gluten-Free Diet.
Nutrients
January 2025
Endocrine Unit, Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood DETEV, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
Background: The Mediterranean diet (MedD) exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects that are beneficial in autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATD). Recently, a gluten-free diet (GFD) has been proposed for non-celiac patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), but its usefulness is under debate. The present pilot study evaluates the effects of these two dietary regimes, with a focus on redox homeostasis, in HT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLipid Antigens: Revealing the Hidden Players in Adaptive Immune Responses.
Biomolecules
January 2025
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 35147-99442, Iran.
Traditionally, research on the adaptive immune system has focused on protein antigens, but emerging evidence has underscored the essential role of lipid antigens in immune modulation. Lipid antigens are presented by CD1 molecules and activate invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and group 1 CD1-restricted T cells, whereby they impact immune responses to pathogens and tumors. Recent advances in mass spectrometry, imaging techniques, and lipidomics have revolutionized the identification and characterization of lipid antigens and enhanced our understanding of their structural diversity and functional significance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFButyric Acid Modulates Gut Microbiota to Alleviate Inflammation and Secondary Bone Loss in Ankylosing Spondylitis.
Biomedicines
December 2024
Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China.
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease that primarily affects the sacroiliac joints and axial skeleton. While the exact pathogenetic mechanism of AS remains unclear, previous reports have highlighted the involvement of genetic factors, immune responses, and gut microbiota dysregulation in the development of this condition. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are microbial fermentation products derived from sugar, protein, and dietary fibers, play a role in maintaining the intestinal barrier function and reducing inflammatory responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn atypical presentation of autoimmune hepatitis with delayed menarche in a Nigerian adolescent: a case report.
J Med Case Rep
January 2025
Gastroenterology Unit, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria.
Background: Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic liver disease marked by immune-mediated inflammation, necrosis, and the potential to progress to cirrhosis if not treated. This case report presents a rare and atypical presentation of autoimmune hepatitis in a Nigerian adolescent girl, highlighting diagnostic challenges in resource-limited settings. The case is unique owing to the absence of jaundice, a common symptom of liver dysfunction, and features such as delayed menarche and bilateral leg swelling.
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