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Substance use during pregnancy and postpartum among individuals with perinatally-acquired HIV in the United States.
AIDS
December 2024
Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
Use of cannabis and alcohol were common during pregnancy and the first year postpartum among people with HIV in the United States (2007-2019), but there were no major differences in substance use during pregnancy based on mode of HIV acquisition. The relatively high prevalence of substance use in this population, particularly postpartum alcohol and cannabis use, warrants further attention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHarm reduction for perinatal cannabis use: protocol for a scoping review of clinical practices.
BMJ Open
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Introduction: The American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists recommends against cannabis use during pregnancy and lactation ('perinatal cannabis use') given its association with negative parent-child health outcomes. However, cannabis is becoming increasingly available and used during pregnancy, and perceptions of safety are correspondingly increasing. For individuals who are unable or unwilling to cease use during pregnancy and lactation, harm reduction is the best available evidence-based practice to promote health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKnowledge and attitudes about perinatal marijuana use among U.S. postpartum mothers: A BORN network study.
Acad Pediatr
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine and Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA.
Article Synopsis
- A study assessed the impact of healthcare provider counseling on maternal knowledge regarding the risks of marijuana use during and after pregnancy, highlighting the commonality of perinatal marijuana use.
- Conducted across 15 U.S. hospitals, the research involved a survey of 484 postpartum mothers, revealing that nearly 60% had used marijuana at some point and about 9% used it during their current pregnancy.
- Results showed that only one-third of mothers received counseling from healthcare providers, but those who did had significantly better knowledge about the potential risks of marijuana to their children, emphasizing the need for improved counseling practices.
Unlabelled: Maternal immune activation (MIA) commonly arises in response to an infection during pregnancy. MIA elevates cytokine levels, triggering an inflammatory cascade, which may be detrimental to the developing nervous system. Similarly, cannabis use and exposure of the fetus to cannabinoids during pregnancy (PCE) may elicit neuroinflammation and lead to detrimental behavioral outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of Cannabis Legalization on Umbilical Cord Tissue Tetrahydrocannabinol Levels.
Am J Perinatol
December 2024
Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, SSM Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis, Missouri.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of cannabis legalization on both qualitative and quantitative umbilical cord tissue tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) rates and concentrations as a proxy for fetal exposure.
Study Design: This is a retrospective, observational study of umbilical cord tissue THC levels in a single center, comparing THC exposure rates and concentration levels before and after cannabis legalization in the state of Illinois, Epoch 1 (October 1, 2018-June 30, 2019, pre-legalization) and Epoch 2 (July 1, 2019-August 31, 2021, post-legalization).
Results: A total of 811 umbilical cords were analyzed during epoch 1 and 2,170 during epoch 2.
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