High-Z material mixed into the fuel degrades inertial fusion implosions and can prevent ignition. Mix is often assumed to be dominated by hydrodynamic instabilities, but we report Omega data, using shells with ∼150nm deuterated layers to gain unprecedented resolution, which give strong evidence that the dominant mix mechanism is diffusion for these moderate temperature (≲6 keV) and convergence (∼12) implosions. Small-scale instability-driven or turbulent mix is negligible.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.97.061201 | DOI Listing |
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2024
Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.
The 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic impaired global health, disrupted society, and slowed the economy. Early detection of the infection using highly sensitive diagnostics is crucial in preventing the disease's spread. In this paper, we demonstrate electrochemical sensors based on laser induced graphene (LIG) functionalized directly with gold (Au) nanostructures for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 with an outstanding limit of detection (LOD) of ∼1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Radioact
June 2024
School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Hengyang Key Laboratory of Contamination Control and Remediation, Hengyang, 421001, China.
Residues generated from the uranium purification process, characterized by a high uranium content, pose a significant challenge for recovery through leaching and present a considerable environmental threat. After using XRD and SEM-mapping characterization analysis combined with the BCR continuous graded extraction test to analyze the content of different states of uranium, it was found that the main reason why the uranium in the residue was difficult to leach because it was encapsulated by SiO crystals. Using NHHF as a leaching agent, a leaching study of uranium in the residue was carried out, and the results showed that the H and F produced by NHHFcould react with SiO, destroying the crystal lattice of SiO and causing the encapsulated uranium to come into contact with the leaching agent, facilitating the leaching of uranium in the residue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
July 2022
Centre for High-Resolution Electron Microscopy, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
Materials with excellent high-temperature strength are now sought for applications in hypersonics, fusion reactors, and aerospace technologies. Conventional alloys and eutectic multiprincipal-element alloys (MPEAs) exhibit insufficient strengths at high temperatures due to low melting points and microstructural instabilities. Here, we report a strategy to achieve exceptional high-temperature microstructural stability and strength by introducing eutectic carbide in a refractory MPEA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ R Soc Interface
June 2022
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
Biological adhesion is a critical mechanical function of complex organisms. At the scale of cell-cell contacts, adhesion is remarkably tunable to enable both cohesion and malleability during development, homeostasis and disease. It is physically supported by transient and laterally mobile molecular bonds embedded in fluid membranes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
January 2022
Department of Food Engineering and Technology, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil. Electronic address:
Electrostatic complexes produced by interactions between polysaccharides have promising applications in the medical, pharmaceutical and food fields. In this light, for the development of such particles, microfluidics emerges as a promising technique in which processes occur at a strict laminar flow regime, allowing diffusion-dominated transport and particle formation in highly-controlled conditions. As a proof of concept, we compared bulk versus microfluidic (different devices simulating a range of residence times) processes for the production of electrostatic complexes of gellan with either chitosan (molecular weight ∼ 28 kDa) or hydrolyzed chitosan (molecular weight ∼ 3 kDa).
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