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Reduction in EEG theta power as a potential marker for spatial disorientation during flight.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 1 Ben-Gurion Blvd, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
During flight, spatial disorientation (SD) commonly occurs when a pilot's perception conflicts with the aircraft's actual motion, attitude, or position. A prevalent form of SD is the somatogyral illusion, which is elicited by constant speed rotation and causes a false perception of motion in the opposite direction when the rotation ceases. This research aimed to investigate changes in brain activity that occur when experiencing a somatogyral illusion by simulating conditions closely mimicking flight conditions to gain insight into how to better manage this illusion during flight.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDazzling damselfish: investigating motion dazzle as a defence strategy in humbug damselfish ().
PeerJ
September 2024
School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Many animals, like the humbug damselfish, use high-contrast body patterns for a defense mechanism known as motion dazzle, which confuses predators by creating misleading visual cues about their movement and shape.
- This study explored how these fish utilize their striped patterns against different high-contrast backgrounds, finding that their reliance on confusing motion cues changes according to the background's frequency and perceivability.
- Humbug damselfish also adjust their behavior based on background patterns, staying closer and moving less against similar patterns to camouflage and moving more against complex backgrounds to enhance their motion dazzle effect.
Laboratory and physiological aspects of substitute metazoan models for in vivo pharmacotoxicological analysis.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
September 2024
Laboratory of Ecotoxicology (Labecotox), Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, 87301-899, Brazil.
New methods are essential to characterize the performance of substitute procedures for detecting therapeutic action(s) of a chemical or key signal of toxicological events. Herein, it was discussed the applications and advantages of using arthropods, worms, and fishes in pharmacological and/or toxicology assessments. First of all, the illusion of similarity covers many differences between humans and mice, remarkably about liver injury and metabolism of xenobiotics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe flashy escape: support for dynamic flash coloration as anti-predator defence.
Biol Lett
July 2024
Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Helsinki University, Helsinki 00790, Finland.
Dynamic flash coloration is a type of antipredator coloration where intermittently appearing colour patterns in moving animals misdirect predator attacks by obscuring the precise location and trajectory of the moving prey. Birds and butterflies with differing dorsoventral wing coloration or iridescent surface structures may potentially benefit from such effects. However, we lack an understanding of what makes for an effective dynamic flash colour design and how much it benefits the carrier.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPredicting the bodily self in space and time.
Sci Rep
June 2024
Consciousness, Cognition, and Computation Group (CO3), Centre for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP191, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
To understand how the human brain distinguishes itself from external stimulation, it was examined if motor predictions enable healthy adult volunteers to infer self-location and to distinguish their body from the environment (and other agents). By uniquely combining a VR-setup with full-body motion capture, a full-body illusion paradigm (FBI) was developed with different levels of motion control: (A) a standard, passive FBI in which they had no motion control; (B) an active FBI in which they made simple, voluntary movements; and (C) an immersive game in which they real-time controlled a human-sized avatar in third person. Systematic comparisons between measures revealed a causal relationship between (i) motion control (prospective agency), (ii) self-other identification, and (iii) the ability to locate oneself.
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