Assessment of the value of gastroenterologists' activity in the outpatient setting: applying the "Moneyball" approach to clinical care.

Background: With the emergence of alternative payment systems replacing the traditional funding models, the value of physician activity is scrutinized more closely. Attempts have been made to quantify the value of endoscopists' activity; there is little in the medical literature describing gastroenterologists' value in the outpatient setting.

Aims: To characterize the value of clinical activity of gastroenterologists in the outpatient setting.

Methods: The value of clinical activity of ten gastroenterologists in an academic medical center was estimated. Value was defined as Q (quality of clinical care) divided by T (duration of outpatient visit adjusted for complexity level); T served as a surrogate measure of the cost of the clinician's services. Medical records of each patient's clinical visit were reviewed and graded independently by three staff gastroenterologists; each reviewer was blinded to the identity of the physician and to other reviewers' scores.

Results: Over consecutive weeks, the clinical records of 307 patients who were seen by ten gastroenterologists were reviewed and graded for quality (Q) and complexity (C); the duration of each visit (T) was recorded. Each physician saw a mean of 31 patients; mean physician value varied from 0.28 to 0.87. More senior physicians demonstrated higher levels of value.

Conclusion: Measurement of the value of clinical activity represents an important component of gastroenterologists' performance. There was a threefold variation among physician levels of value with more experienced clinicians demonstrating higher value levels. Further studies will be required to more clearly define valid metrics for physician value.