Objective: The hallmarks of cancer are mechanisms that cells develop to undergo malignant transformation. The targeting of these hallmarks by newer cancer therapies results in new mechanisms of response, toxicity, and resistance. The purpose of this article is to review these hallmarks, their associated targeted therapies, imaging features of responses, and toxicities.
Conclusion: Ten hallmarks, among them proliferative signaling, angiogenesis, immune response, and genome instability, are reviewed. Molecular targeted therapies, including antiangiogenic factors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, target these hallmarks.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/AJR.17.19425 | DOI Listing |
Cancers (Basel)
December 2024
Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
Prostate cancer remains a significant global health concern, with over 1.4 million new cases diagnosed and more than 330,000 deaths each year. The primary clinical challenge that contributes to poor patient outcomes involves the failure to accurately predict and treat at the onset of metastasis, which remains an incurable stage of the disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancers (Basel)
December 2024
Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular I, Programas de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biotecnología y Maestría en Biomedicina Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía (ENMyH), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico.
Prostate pathologies, including chronic prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostate cancer (PCa), are strongly associated with chronic inflammation, which is a key risk factor and hallmark of these diseases [...
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
January 2025
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
Reprogramming of energy metabolism to support cellular growth is a "hallmark" of cancer, allowing cancer cells to balance the catabolic demands with the anabolic needs of producing the nucleotides, amino acids, and lipids necessary for tumor growth. Metabolic alterations, or "addiction", are promising therapeutic targets and the focus of many drug discovery programs. Asparagine metabolism has gained much attention in recent years as a novel target for cancer therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Istituto di Bioimmagini e Sistemi Biologici Complessi (IBSBC), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, 20054 Milan, Italy.
Chronic gastrointestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) impose significant health burdens globally. IBDs, encompassing Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are multifactorial disorders characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. On the other hand, IBS is one of the principal gastrointestinal tract functional disorders and is characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA.
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a critical global health challenge, with high mortality rates and significant heterogeneity, particularly in advanced stages. While early-stage PCa is often manageable with conventional treatments, metastatic PCa is notoriously resistant, highlighting an urgent need for precise biomarkers and innovative therapeutic strategies. This review focuses on the dualistic roles of sirtuins, a family of NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases, dissecting their unique contributions to tumor suppression or progression in PCa depending on the cellular context.
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