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Drug-Drug Interactions Between HIV Antivirals and Concomitant Drugs in HIV Patients: What We Know and What We Need to Know.
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Clinical Pharmacology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona University Hospital, 84131 Salerno, Italy.
Highly active antiretroviral therapy has led to a significant increase in the life expectancy of people living with HIV. The trade-off is that HIV-infected patients often suffer from comorbidities that require additional treatment, increasing the risk of Drug-Drug Interactions (DDIs), the clinical relevance of which has often not been determined during registration trials of the drugs involved. Therefore, it is important to identify potential clinically relevant DDIs in order to establish the most appropriate therapeutic approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular Markers for the Phylogenetic Reconstruction of : A Quantitative Review.
Pathogens
January 2025
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22860, BC, Mexico.
is the parasite responsible for Chagas disease, which has a significant amount of genetic diversification among the species complex. Many efforts are routinely made to characterize the genetic lineages of circulating in a particular geographic area. However, the genetic loci used to typify the genetic lineages of have not been consistent between studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTherapeutic Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)-Is There Something Between PPI and Fundoplication? An Overview.
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Department of Gastroenterology, Clinic Donaustadt, SMZ-Ost, Langobardenstrasse 122, A-1220 Vienna, Austria.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) affects millions globally, with traditional treatments like proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and surgical fundoplication presenting challenges such as long-term medication dependency and disturbing long term side effects following surgery. This review explores emerging, alternative therapies that offer less invasive, personalized alternatives for GERD management. Endoscopic approaches, including Stretta therapy, transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF), and endoscopic full-thickness plication (EFTP), demonstrate promising but also controversial outcomes in symptom relief and reduced acid exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA High-Resolution Crystallographic Study of Cytochrome c6: Structural Basis for Electron Transfer in Cyanobacterial Photosynthesis.
Int J Mol Sci
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College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
Cyanobacterial cytochrome c6 (Cyt c6) is crucial for electron transfer between the cytochrome b6f complex and photosystem I (PSI), playing a key role in photosynthesis and enhancing adaptation to extreme environments. This study investigates the high-resolution crystal structures of Cyt c6 from PCC 7942 and PCC 6803, focusing on its dimerization mechanisms and functional implications for photosynthesis. Cyt c6 was expressed in using a dual-plasmid co-expression system and characterized in both oxidized and reduced states.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCholesterol Attenuates the Pore-Forming Capacity of CARC-Containing Amphipathic Peptides.
Int J Mol Sci
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A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Bld. 40, Moscow 119992, Russia.
Artificial peptides P4, A1 and A4 are homologous to amphipathic α-helical fragments of the influenza virus M1 protein. P4 and A4 contain the cholesterol recognition sequence CARC, which is absent in A1. As shown previously, P4 and A4 but not A1 have cytotoxic effects on some eukaryotic and bacterial cells.
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