A 15-year-old boy experienced myoclonic seizures for 3 years. He initially had occasional myoclonus, gradually progressive ataxia, tremors, and psychomotor and speech regression developed. Eventually, he exhibited nearly continuous myoclonus. He received treatment of sodium valproate, levetiracetam, clobazam, and phenobarbital, without efficacy. A ketogenic diet also proved ineffective. Adjunctive therapy with 4 mg/day of perampanel was started and was gradually titrated to 10 mg/day. The remission of myoclonic seizures was achieved within one month. The patient's neurological and cognitive functions improved to a certain degree during the following 20 months. Sialidosis was confirmed by the mutations of gene.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebcr.2018.02.005 | DOI Listing |
Epilepsy Behav Rep
March 2025
Department of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, 1151 Richmond St, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada.
Epilepsy is the most common chronic neurological condition in children. Many barriers exist in early recognition which cause delay in care and impact quality of life. Some of these children require advanced treatments which are underutilized due to lack of education, awareness and referrals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTher Adv Rare Dis
January 2025
SynGAP Research Fund, 2856 Curie Pl., San Diego, CA 92122, USA.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFKorean J Physiol Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 25601, Korea.
Neurosteroids play an important role as endogenous neuromodulators that are locally produced in the central nervous system and rapidly change the excitability of neurons and the activation of microglial cells and astrocytes. Here we review the mechanisms of synthesis, metabolism, and actions of neurosteroids in the central nervous system. Neurosteroids are able to play a variety of roles in the central nervous system under physiological conditions by binding to membrane ion channels and receptors such as gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors, Nmethyl- D-aspartate receptors, L- and T-type calcium channels, and sigma-1 receptors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
Excitation-inhibition (E/I) imbalance is theorized as a key mechanism in the pathophysiology of epilepsy, with ample research focusing on elucidating its cellular manifestations. However, few studies investigate E/I imbalance at the macroscale, whole-brain level, and its microcircuit-level mechanisms and clinical significance remain incompletely understood. Here, the Hurst exponent, an index of the E/I ratio, is computed from resting-state fMRI time series, and microcircuit parameters are simulated using biophysical models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpilepsia Open
January 2025
Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
Protein-activated kinases mediate spine morphogenesis and synaptic plasticity. PAK3 is part of the p21-activated kinases (PAKs) family of Ras-signaling serine/threonine kinases. Pathogenic variants in the X-linked gene PAK3 have been described in patients with neurodevelopmental syndromes.
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