Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) was used to study the changes of glycoside hydrolase family 6 (GH6 family) genes during the composting of agricultural waste. In addition, a redundancy analysis (RDA) and Monte Carlo permutation test were applied to determine the relationship between the changes to the GH6 family genes and physico-chemical parameters. According to the relative magnitudes of the influence caused by these different parameters on the changes to GH6 family genes, the eight-ranked physico-chemical parameters were pH > pile temperature > total nitrogen (TN) > total organic matter (TOM) > C/N ratio > moisture content > ambient temperature > water soluble carbon (WSC). The eight physico-chemical parameters, which explained 83.1% of the variation of GH6 family genes, confirmed that these parameters had important effects on the GH6 family genes changes. The pH (=0.002), pile temperature (=0.004), and TN (=0.004) had the most significant impacts on these changes. These three significant factors explained 24.92%, 15.57%, and 15.04% of the variation of GH6 family genes, respectively. There were different dominant species which contain GH6 family genes in different stages of composting. The diversity and abundance of GH6 family genes demonstrated these fluctuation trends. The -value biplots based on the RDA showed that these three significant factors had either positive or negative correlations with the dynamic changes of GH6 family genes and the microbial species contained within GH6 family genes can be generally be divided into five types. The microbial community changes are reflected by the No. 4 to No. 10 bands and these had a significant positive correlation with pile temperature and a significant negative correlation with pH and TN. The microbial community changes reflected by the No. 20 to No. 23 bands had a significant positive correlation with pH and TN.

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