Lesion-induced axonal degeneration and autoradiography-electron microscopy have been the only reliable anterograde axonal markers available for electron microscopic examination of neuronal circuitry. However, these methods have their limitations. Recently, Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) has been used as an anterograde axonal marker for light microscopy. This report describes the use of this lectin as an anterograde marker for electron microscopy. PHA-L was injected into mouse SmI cortex or ventrobasal thalamus. Using standard immunohistochemical techniques, the transported lectin was tagged with antibody, which was then visualized with avidin-biotin-horseradish peroxidase binding. Light microscopy demonstrated anterograde transport to predicted cortical regions. With the electron microscope, labeled axon terminals were seen forming asymmetric synapses with spines, dendrites and cell bodies.
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