Immune response following subsequent encounter of viruses (and vaccines) relies largely on the pool and frequencies of antigen-specific memory B cells. In addition to antibody titers, the reliable measurement of these cells in human blood (peripheral blood mononuclear cells/PBMCs or purified B cells) provides valuable information on the preparedness of the adaptive immune system to respond to infection or vaccines, and potentially supports the discovery of new quantitative correlates of protection. The Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group has developed and optimized a high-throughput ELISPOT-based assay for the quantification of influenza A/H1N1 virus-specific memory B cells in human PBMCs. Here, we present the materials and detailed methodology for using this assay on cryopreserved cells for the measurement of recall humoral immunity readiness (antigen-specific memory B cell frequencies) after influenza vaccination. This assay could be readily adapted to other influenza virus strains and other respiratory viruses and vaccines for use in systems biology and larger population-based studies.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8567-8_19 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
GITRL enhances cytotoxicity and persistence of CAR-T cells in cancer therapy.
Mol Ther
January 2025
Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China, 200241. Electronic address:
CAR T-cell therapy has achieved remarkable clinical success in treating hematological malignancies. However, its clinical efficacy in solid tumors is less satisfactory, partially due to poor in vivo expansion and limited persistence of CAR-T cells. Here, we demonstrated that the overexpression of glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-related protein ligand (GITRL) enhances the anti-tumor activity of CAR-T cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdult Human Heart ECM Improves Human iPSC-CM Function via Mitochondrial and Metabolic Maturation.
Stem Cells
January 2025
Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, 46556 IN, USA.
Myocardial infarction can lead to the loss of billions of cardiomyocytes, and while cell-based therapies are an option, immature nature of in vitro-generated human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (iCMs) is a roadblock to their development. Existing iPSC differentiation protocols don't go beyond producing fetal iCMs. Recently, adult extracellular matrix (ECM) was shown to retain tissue memory and have some success driving tissue-specific differentiation in unspecified cells in various organ systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProspective and Longitudinal Analysis of Lymphocyte Subpopulations in SARS-CoV-2 Positive and Negative Pneumonia: Potential Role of Decreased Naïve CD8 in COVID-19 Patients.
Viruses
December 2024
School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
: During the acute phase of COVID-19, a number of immunological abnormalities have been reported, but few studies longitudinally analyzed the specific subsets of peripheral blood lymphocytes. : In this observational, prospective, and longitudinal study, adult patients developing acute pneumonia during the COVID-19 pandemic have been followed up for 12 months. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were assessed (with a specific focus on the memory markers) at 6 time points after the disease onset until 12 months.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFeEF-2K Deficiency Boosts the Virus-Specific Effector CD8 T Cell Responses During Viral Infection.
Viruses
December 2024
Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
In this study, we revealed a critical role of eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF-2K), a negative regulator of protein synthesis, in regulating T cells during vaccinia virus (VACV) infection. We found that eEF-2K-deficient (eEF-2K⁻/⁻) mice exhibited a significantly higher proportion of VACV-specific effector CD8 T cells without compromising the development of VACV-specific memory CD8 T cells. RNA sequencing demonstrated that eEF-2K⁻/⁻ VACV-specific effector CD8 T cells had enhanced functionality, which improves their capacity to combat viral infection during the effector phase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHIFU-CCL19/21 Axis Enhances Dendritic Cell Vaccine Efficacy in the Tumor Microenvironment.
Pharmaceutics
January 2025
Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Hongcheon 25159, Gangwon, Republic of Korea.
Background/objectives: Effectively targeting treatment-resistant tumor cells, particularly cancer stem cells (CSCs) involved in tumor recurrence, remains a major challenge in immunotherapy. This study examines the potential of combining mechanical high-intensity focused ultrasound (M-HIFU) with dendritic cell (DC) vaccines to enhance immune responses against OLFM4-expressing tumors, a CSC marker linked to immune evasion and tumor growth.
Methods: M-HIFU was applied to induce immunogenic cell death by mechanically disrupting tumor cells, releasing tumor-associated antigens and creating an immunostimulatory environment.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!