Pulmonary dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells that can activate both naïve and memory/effector T cells. However, very little is known of how movements and localization of DCs contribute to these events. To study this, we have developed new procedures that combine precision-cut lung slices with cell staining using fluorescently tagged antibodies to detect individual cell types. In this chapter, we describe these methods in detail and show how they can be used to study the localization of not only DCs but also other leukocytes of interest, as well as structural cells within the lung.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7896-0_18 | DOI Listing |
Front Vet Sci
December 2024
Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.
We investigated whether environmental enrichment applied at different life stages of pigs affects the susceptibility to and severity of disease by studying immune cell functions around weaning and during nursery, the effects of infection in models and using a co-infection model of (PRRSV) followed by an infection. Pigs were either conventionally housed (CCH) or enriched housed throughout life, with enrichment consisting of extra space, rooting materials and co-mingling with another litter before weaning (EEH), or they were switched from conventional to enriched housing at weaning (CEH). Sixty days after birth, ten pigs per treatment were infected with PRRSV followed by an infection eight days later.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Respir Cell Mol Biol
December 2024
Monash University, Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) results in decreased quality of life, including increased risk of pulmonary hypertension (PH). In animal models, ARDS can be induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which can disrupt the pulmonary endothelium and epithelium and induce inflammation. We tested whether administration or treatment with LPS alters the reactivity of intrapulmonary arteries and airways to constrictors relevant to both ARDS and PH, using the precision cut lung slice (PCLS) technique.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Transl Med
December 2024
Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Excessive deposition of fibrillar collagen in the interstitial extracellular matrix (ECM) of human lung tissue causes fibrosis, which can ultimately lead to organ failure. Despite our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease, no cure for pulmonary fibrosis has yet been found. We screened a drug library and found that dextromethorphan (DXM), a cough expectorant, reduced the amount of excess fibrillar collagen deposited in the ECM in cultured primary human lung fibroblasts, a bleomycin mouse model, and a cultured human precision-cut lung slice model of lung fibrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
December 2024
Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), a common complication after lung transplantation (LTx), plays a crucial role in both primary graft dysfunction (PGD) and chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) thereby adversely impacting the clinical outcomes in these patient cohorts. Lung IRI is characterized by several molecular events including immune cell infiltration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, calcium overload, inflammation and various forms of cell death pathways. Currently, no therapeutic agents are available to clinically prevent lung IRI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Transl Med
December 2024
Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada.
ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), a crucial enzyme in de novo lipid synthesis and histone acetylation, plays a key role in regulating vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and survival. We found that human coronary and pulmonary artery tissues had up-regulated ACLY expression during vascular remodeling in coronary artery disease and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of ACLY in human primary cultured VSMCs isolated from the coronary arteries of patients with coronary artery diseases and from the distal pulmonary arteries of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension resulted in reduced cellular proliferation and migration and increased susceptibility to apoptosis.
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