Osteoporosis, a major public health problem, is characterised by a reduction in and deterioration of bone tissue microarchitecture, with a consequent increase in bone frailty and susceptibility to fractures. We performed ex vivo micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and atomic-force microscopy (AFM) between normal and surgically ovariectomized animals (OVX). The tibial architecture was investigated using maximum intensity projection images. Micro-CT analysis of the tibia metaphysis was used to calculate the trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp). Following OVX surgery, the rats exhibited increased Tb.Sp. Between the bundles, there are holes in the fabric with a diameter in the range of 3 to 5 μm in normal tibia. The diameter of hole in the osteoporosis tibia is the range of 5 to 10 μm, and its area increased than normal tibia. AFM can be used for the inspection of bone surfaces and offers the possibility of quantification of local geometries, such as pit size, collagen fibril diameters, or collagen ultrastructure. Our results suggest that AFM will surely become one of the most important tools in the realm of medical research for imaging such as bone and tissues.
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