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PARP1 (ARTD1) and Tankyrases (TNKS1/TNKS2; PARP5a/5b) are poly-ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs) with catalytic and non-catalytic functions that regulate both the genome and proteome during zygotic genome activation (ZGA), totipotent, and pluripotent embryonic stages. Here, we show that primed, conventional human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) cultured continuously under non-specific TNKS1/TNKS2/PARP1-inhibited chemical naive reversion conditions underwent epigenetic reprogramming to clonal blastomere-like stem cells. TIRN stem cells concurrently expressed hundreds of gene targets of the ZGA-priming pioneer factor DUX4, as well as a panoply of four-cell (4C)-specific (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNetwork Cluster Analysis of PPI and Phenotype Ontology for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Iran J Biotechnol
January 2024
Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Our knowledge of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) etiology is incomplete; however, the pathogenesis of the disease includes T-cell-mediated destruction of β-cells.
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the key gene pathways and co-expression networks in T1DM disease.
Material And Methods: TIDM-associated genes were identified from 13 databases, enrichment of pathways annotated with functional annotations, and analysis of protein-protein network interactions.
In Vitro-Produced Equine Blastocysts Exhibit Greater Dispersal and Intermingling of Inner Cell Mass Cells than In Vivo Embryos.
Int J Mol Sci
June 2023
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands.
In vitro production (IVP) of equine embryos is increasingly popular in clinical practice but suffers from higher incidences of early embryonic loss and monozygotic twin development than transfer of in vivo derived (IVD) embryos. Early embryo development is classically characterized by two cell fate decisions: (1) first, trophectoderm (TE) cells differentiate from inner cell mass (ICM); (2) second, the ICM segregates into epiblast (EPI) and primitive endoderm (PE). This study examined the influence of embryo type (IVD versus IVP), developmental stage or speed, and culture environment (in vitro versus in vivo) on the expression of the cell lineage markers, CDX-2 (TE), SOX-2 (EPI) and GATA-6 (PE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis report describes 3 cases of ovarian tumors with unusual glandular proliferations co-expressing estrogen receptor and CDX-2 by immunohistochemistry set in cystadenofibromatous background. Targeted next-generation sequencing was performed on the cyst lining epithelium and glandular proliferations for all cases; CTNNB1 mutations were detected in the glandular proliferations of all neoplasms. The cyst lining of case 1 demonstrated a different CTNNB1 mutation from the matched glandular proliferation.
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