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It's 'claw'-some: Ontogenetic claw shape changes in mites (Acari, Oribatida) as a consequence of ecological shifts.
Arthropod Struct Dev
December 2024
Department of Biology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria.
Claw characteristics of oribatid mites are strongly correlated with environmental factors and these characters remain constant throughout development when immatures and adults share the same ecology and lifestyle. In the present study, claw traits of oribatid mite species with constant ecology were compared with those of species showing a clear ecological shift between juvenile and adult stage. The arboreal Sellnickia caudata and the saxicolous Niphocepheus nivalis dwell in the same microhabitat during their life-cycle, whereas immatures of the terrestrial Carabodes areolatus and Mycobates carli, as well as of the aquatic Hydrozetes lemnae, are, in contrast to their adults, endophagous, meaning they feed and burrow within lichen and plant tissue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJaponolirion osense, a close relative of the mycoheterotrophic genus Petrosavia, exhibits complete autotrophic capabilities.
BMC Plant Biol
November 2024
Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, 57 Rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris, 75005, France.
The plant kingdom exhibits a diversity of nutritional strategies, extending beyond complete autotrophy. In addition to full mycoheterotrophs and holoparasites, it is now recognized that a greater number of green plants than previously assumed use partly of fungal carbon. These are termed partial mycoheterotrophs or mixotrophs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBody size and isotopic profiles enable discrimination between long-term resident and highly migrant contingents of Atlantic bluefin tuna.
Mar Environ Res
November 2024
Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain.
The Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABFT) population ranges throughout the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea, and consists of multiple contingents that use diverse habitats and show different movement patterns over the life cycle. Based on body size, elemental and isotopic data of C and N in muscle and liver, we analysed eastern-stock ABFT by comparing mid-sized individuals caught by hook-and-line gears with larger individuals harvested from traps in the Strait of Gibraltar (SoG). Our results show that trophic-related chemical markers have potential for separating temporarily sympatric contingents throughout the ABFT population range, reflecting size-dependent spatial distribution and differential patterns of residency and migration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effects of Mid-Holocene foragers on the European oyster in Denmark.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
November 2024
Department of Archaeology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
Article Synopsis
- - Oysters are crucial for marine ecosystems as they filter water, create habitats, and recycle nutrients, but their populations in Europe have declined significantly since the 19th and 20th centuries.
- - The field of oyster restoration in aquaculture is gaining attention for its potential to improve ecosystem resilience and biodiversity, yet restoring their populations requires a challenging understanding of historical ecological baselines before human impact.
- - Analysis of over 2,000 ancient oyster shells in Denmark reveals the effects of human harvesting on oyster size and age, indicating that older oysters existed in the Mesolithic era compared to the Neolithic, and offering insights for sustainable harvesting and current restoration efforts amid climate change.
Developmental histology of the liver in the Balkan crested newt Triturus ivanbureschi (Caudata: Salamandridae).
Zoology (Jena)
November 2024
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, Belgrade, Serbia.
The liver, a crucial organ for metabolic processes, has a generally uniform histological structure across amphibian taxa. However, ontogenetic changes, particularly those related to biphasic life cycle and metamorphosis, are less documented. Here, we explored and described the liver histology of an emerging model organism, the Balkan crested newt (Triturus ivanbureschi) at three ontogenetic stages: larval, juvenile (just after metamorphosis) and adult.
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