Context: Müllerian-inhibiting substance/anti-Müllerian hormone (MIS/AMH) is produced in the ovarian granulosa cells, and it is believed to inhibit ovarian folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis in women of reproductive age.
Objective: To investigate the expression of MIS/AMH type II receptor (MISRII/AMHRII) that binds MIS/AMH in the ovaries of reproductive-age women; to identify the exact targets of MIS/AMH.
Design: Laboratory study using human ovarian tissue.
Setting: University hospital.
Patients: Tissue samples from 25 patients who had undergone ovarian surgery.
Interventions: The segregation of ovarian granulosa and theca cells by laser microdissection was followed by RT-PCR, analyzing MISRII/AMHRII mRNA expression. Afterward, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were performed to determine the localization of MISRII/AMHRII mRNA and protein expression.
Main Outcome Measures: MISRII/AMHRII mRNA expression by RT-PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry.
Results: MISRII/AMHRII were expressed in granulosa and theca cells of preantral and antral follicles. The granulosa cells showed stronger MISRII/AMHRII expression than theca cells. MISRII/AMHRII mRNA staining of granulosa and theca cells in large antral follicles, early atretic follicles, and corpus luteum waned but were still detected weakly, showing higher expression in theca cells than in granulosa cells. However, MISRII/AMHRII protein in the granulosa layer of the atretic follicle and corpus luteum could not be assessed.
Conclusions: As MISRII/AMHRII is expressed in both granulosa and theca cells, this indicates that MIS/AMH, produced in the granulosa cells, is active in the theca cells as well. MIS/AMH is most likely actively involved not only in the autocrine and endocrine processes but also in the paracrine processes involving theca cells.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-00549 | DOI Listing |
Andrology
January 2025
Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Luteinizing hormone (LH), along with its agonist choriongonadotropin (hCG) in humans, is the key hormone responsible for the tropic regulation of the gonadal function. LH and hCG act through their cognate receptor, the luteinizing hormone/choriongonadotropin receptor (LHCGR; more appropriately LHR in rodents lacking CG), located in the testis in Leydig cells and in the ovary in theca, luteal, and luteinizing granulosa cells. Low levels in LHCGR are also expressed in numerous extragonadal sites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicol Sci
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07103.
Phthalates are known endocrine disrupting chemicals and ovarian toxicants that are used widely in consumer products. Phthalates have been shown to exert ovarian toxicity on multiple endpoints, altering transcription of genes responsible for normal ovarian function. However, the molecular mechanisms by which phthalates act on the ovary are not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHarmful Algae
January 2025
Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China. Electronic address:
Yessotoxin is one of the shellfish toxins leading to mussel farm closures in the Adriatic Sea of Italy. Two putative Gonyaulax spinifera strains GSA0501 and GSA0602 are known as yessotoxins producers, but their identities have remained elusive since 2005. To address this gap, we established five Gonyaulax strains by incubating sediments from the Adriatic Sea and subsequently isolating single cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch (Wash D C)
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Exposure to airborne fine particulate matter (PM) is strongly associated with poor fertility and ovarian damage. However, the mechanism underlying this remains largely unclear. Here, we found that PM markedly impaired murine ovarian reserve, decreased hormone levels, and aggravated ovarian inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReprod Fertil Dev
December 2024
Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia.
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