Quorum sensing inhibitory activity of the metabolome from endophytic Kwoniella sp. PY016: characterization and hybrid model-based optimization. | LitMetric
Quorum sensing, the microbial communication system, is gaining importance as a therapeutic target against pathogens. The two key reasons for the rising demand of quorum sensing (QS) inhibitory molecules are low selective pressure to develop resistance by pathogens and possibility of more species-specific effects. Due to complex interactions in a unique niche of live plant tissues, endophytes, as a survival mechanism, potentially produce various bioactive compounds such as QS inhibitors. We report the isolation of an endophytic fungus Kwoniella sp. PY016 from the medicinal plant "Bahera" (Terminalia bellirica), which exhibits substantial quorum sensing inhibition and anti-biofilm activities against the standard test organism, Chromobacterium violaceum. Sugar, sugar alcohol, carboxylic acid, lipid, and phenolic classes of metabolites (predominantly xylitol) are responsible components of the metabolome for the desired bioactivity. A judicious combination of single-factor-at-a-time strategy and artificial neural network modeling combined with genetic algorithm was employed for the selection and optimization of the critical process and medium parameters. Through this newly adopted hybrid model-based optimization, the quorum sensing inhibitory activity of the endophytic metabolome was increased by ~ 30%. This is the first report on optimization of QS inhibitory activity from any fungal endophyte using such a hybrid advanced approach.
The persistent increase in multidrug-resistant pathogens has catalyzed the creation of novel strategies to address antivirulence and anti-infective elements. Such methodologies aim to diminish the selective pressure exerted on bacterial populations, decreasing the likelihood of resistance emergence. This review explores the role of biofilm formation as a significant virulence factor and its impact on the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
Nitrogen emissions up to the standard are a major challenge for wastewater treatment plants in alpine and high-altitude areas. The dosing of carriers can improve the nitrogen removal efficiency of the system at low temperatures; however, the mechanism of action of sludge and biofilm in nitrogen removal remains unclear. This study elucidated the internal mechanism of nitrogen removal via the function of microbial metabolism in sludge and biofilm at low temperatures.
Bacteria have developed a cell-to-cell communication system called quorum sensing (QS), allowing them to regulate group behavior and synchronize the expression of virulence factors, responsible for increasing their infection capacity and resistance to antimicrobials. Although the control of microbial infections through the inhibition of microbial growth has traditionally been the basis of antimicrobial chemotherapy, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance has led to the search for new microbial control strategies, namely through the inhibition of QS. Among the agents studied to inhibit this bacterial communication are essential oils (EO), which are considered very effective QS inhibitors.
Microcystin-LRs (MC-LR) produced by harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs) pose significant hepatotoxic risks to both the environment and public health. Despite the identification and characterization of a limited number of MC-LR degrading bacteria, the challenge of safely removing MC-LRs from freshwater systems without disrupting aquatic ecosystems remains substantial. This study focused on the isolation of lactic acid bacteria from Bapshikhe, a traditional Korean fermented food, and investigated the mechanisms underlying the degradation of MC-LRs by these bacteria.
Unlabelled: is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that poses a significant public health threat, particularly in healthcare settings. A key determinant of virulence is the regulated synthesis and release of extracellular products, which is controlled by a cell density-dependent signaling system known as quorum sensing (QS). uses a complex QS network, including two systems that rely on diffusible N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) signal molecules.
