Chronic pruritus, or itch lasting greater than 6 weeks, is an increasingly common and debilitating medical problem. Recent studies have unveiled previously unrecognized neuroimmune axes whereby inflammatory cytokines act directly on the nervous system to promote itch. Thus, the emergence of newer targeted biologic therapies has generated the possibility of novel treatment strategies for chronic itch disorders. This article reviews the pathophysiology of multiple chronic itch disorders, including atopic dermatitis, chronic idiopathic pruritus, chronic urticaria, and prurigo nodularis. Furthermore, new and emerging immunomodulatory therapies that will likely alter current treatment paradigms are discussed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.det.2018.02.014 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Prurigo Nodularis: A Systematic Review.
Clin Dermatol
March 2025
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic pruritic inflammatory skin condition characterized by nodular skin lesions in a typical distribution pattern caused by various dermatological and/or non-dermatological conditions. In recent years, significant advances have been made in the understanding of the cutaneous pathophysiology of PN resulting in novel treatment options such as Interleukin-4, -13, -17, -31- or Januskinase inhibitors. However, many aspects of the neurophysiology are largely unknown, including the processing in the central structural and functional network involved in PN.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew Definitions and Subtypes of Chronic Prurigo.
Clin Dermatol
March 2025
Department of Dermatology and Center for Chronic Pruritus, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany. Electronic address:
Over the past few years, chronic prurigo, including prurigo nodularis, has become a focal point of considerable research attention, resulting in enhanced insights into this condition. For over two centuries, the term "prurigo" has been utilized in dermatology, often applied loosely to describe a range of pruritic, papulous conditions lacking clear diagnostic criteria. In 2017, the term "chronic prurigo" was introduced, delineating chronic prurigo including prurigo nodularis as a distinct disease entity characterized by chronic pruritus, a characteristic clinical history, and physical signs such as excoriations and the presence of pruriginous lesions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasophil-VAMP7 is A Vital Regulator of Skin Barrier Integrity and Chronic Itch.
J Allergy Clin Immunol
March 2025
School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland. Electronic address:
Background: Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a multifaceted inflammatory skin disease characterized by chronic itch and Acute Itch Flare (AIF), with basophils playing pivotal roles in both. While VAMP7 (V7) mediates immune responses, its function in basophils remains undefined.
Objective: To elucidate the role of V7 in basophil-mediated chronic itch and AIF in AD.
Dupilumab for Atopic Dermatitis-like Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease in Three Pediatric Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients.
J Pediatr Hematol Oncol
March 2025
Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
Atopic dermatitis (AD)-like graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a chronic form of skin GVHD with features that include erythema, xerosis, scaling, and pruritus. Patients often require treatment with systemic immunosuppression and aggressive topical therapies for relief. Long-term effects of chronic immunosuppression are undesirable and alternative therapies are needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase Report: The potential association with polyglandular autoimmune syndrome in a dog following long-term oclacitinib therapy.
Front Vet Sci
February 2025
Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
A 12-year-old spayed female Maltese dog had been receiving oclacitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, for 7 years to manage chronic pruritus due to atopic dermatitis. During this treatment, the dog was diagnosed with primary hypoadrenocorticism and hypothyroidism based on history, physical examination, and hormonal analysis. This case was initially suspected to be polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PAS) based on long-term treatment of oclacitinib.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!