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Comprehensive insights into circular RNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs as biomarkers in retinoblastoma.
Ophthalmic Genet
January 2025
Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Retinoblastoma (RB) is a common and potentially lethal cancer that primarily affects young children worldwide, with survival rates significantly varying between high- and low-income countries. This review aims to identify essential diagnostic markers for early diagnosis by investigating the molecular pathways associated with RB. The prevalence of RB cases is notably concentrated in Asia and Africa, contributing to a global survival rate estimate of less than 30%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReal-world clinical multi-omics analyses reveal bifurcation of ER-independent and ER-dependent drug resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Oncology Research & Development, Pfizer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.
To better understand drug resistance mechanisms to CDK4/6 inhibitors and inform precision medicine, we analyze real-world multi-omics data from 400 HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors plus endocrine therapies, including 200 pre-treatment and 227 post-progression samples. The prevalences of ESR1 and RB1 alterations significantly increase in post-progression samples. Integrative clustering analysis identifies three subgroups harboring different resistance mechanisms: ER driven, ER co-driven and ER independent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe current research discusses polymer conjugation, formulation development, and evaluation of sorafenib-loaded polymeric nanomicelles of conjugated soluplus (solu-tin) and polymeric mixed nanomicelles of conjugated soluplus (solu-tin) with conjugated poloxamer 188 (polo-tin) for site-specific posterior segment delivery to the retina in managing retinoblastoma. Firstly, the soluplus and poloxamer 188 were conjugated with biotin by Fischer esterification reaction and evaluated by FTIR and H NMR for confirmation of covalent bond formation involving the carboxyl group of biotin and hydroxyl group of polymers. Secondly, the sorafenib-loaded solu-tin nanomicelles and mixed nanomicelles of solu-tin with polo-tin were formulated by the thin film hydration method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular analysis of HPV16 and HPV18 oncogenes in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Structural, transcriptomic and insights.
Oncol Lett
March 2025
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India.
The present study investigated the involvement of human papillomavirus (HPV)16 and HPV18 in oropharyngeal malignancies in order to understand the oncogenic mechanisms, and to identify biomarkers for early detection and treatment targets. Given the rising incidence of HPV-associated cancer, particularly in India, this holds significance in elucidating the molecular basis of these diseases. Structural validation of HPV16 and 18 oncoproteins E6 and E7 was conducted using computational tools, while gene expression profiles related to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were analyzed to assess differential expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRisk Factors for Extraocular Relapse in Retinoblastoma.
Semin Ophthalmol
January 2025
SJD Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain.
Background: Metastatic retinoblastoma remains a significant challenge in pediatric oncology, with stark disparities in survival outcomes between high-income countries (HICs) and low-income countries (LICs). Delayed diagnosis and treatment, driven by socioeconomic factors and limitations in healthcare systems, contribute to poorer outcomes in LICs. Histopathological characteristics, including high-risk pathology factors (HRPFs) and the extent of ocular tumor invasion, are critical for predicting metastatic risk and guiding treatment strategies.
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