EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy with a lumen-apposing metal stent for biliary drainage.

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Section of Digestive Diseases, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.

Published: September 2017

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5992443PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vgie.2017.05.006DOI Listing

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Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is considered the gold standard for treating benign and malignant biliary obstructions. However, its use in complex biliary obstructions is limited. Over the past decades, therapeutic endosonography (EUS) and emerging technologies such as lumen-apposing metal stents have enabled endoscopic treatment of conditions previously requiring non-endoscopic or surgical approaches.

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Article Synopsis
  • Stent misdeployment (SMD) is a significant challenge in EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS) for treating malignant distal biliary obstruction, with the study aiming to define its rate and outcomes, and propose a classification system.
  • In a review of data from two randomized controlled trials involving 152 patients, SMD was found in 7.2% of cases, with most types being misdeployments of the distal flange (type I) and a small number causing minor adverse events.
  • The analysis revealed that a smaller extrahepatic bile duct diameter (≤ 15 mm) increases the likelihood of SMD or technical failures, but most misdeployments can be successfully managed
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Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the gold standard in managing malignant biliary obstruction. The success of ERCP has limitations, whereas surgical biliary bypass and percutaneous transhepatic approaches, as alternative modalities, come with significant costs, longer durations, and higher levels of mortality and morbidity. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided biliary drainage with two approaches, hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) and choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS), is a favored and evolving alternative modality.

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