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Medical, Endoscopic, and Surgical Treatments for Rectal Cuffitis in IBD Patients with an Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis: A Narrative Review.
Dig Dis Sci
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
Background: Ulcerative colitis patients who undergo ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) without mucosectomy may develop inflammation of the rectal cuff (cuffitis). Treatment of cuffitis typically includes mesalamine suppositories or corticosteroids, but refractory cuffitis may necessitate advanced therapies or procedural interventions. This review aims to summarize the existing literature regarding treatments options for cuffitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole of immune cell homeostasis in research and treatment response in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Clin Exp Med
January 2025
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
Introduction Recently, immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) have become crucial in regulating cancer progression and treatment responses. The dynamic interactions between tumors and immune cells are emerging as a promising strategy to activate the host's immune system against various cancers. The development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) involve complex biological processes, with the role of the TME and tumor phenotypes still not fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPMN-MDSCs are responsible for immune suppression in anti-PD-1 treated TAP1 defective melanoma.
Clin Transl Oncol
January 2025
Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510013, Guangdong, China.
Introduction: The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) is a key component of the classical HLA I antigen presentation pathway. Our previous studies have demonstrated that the downregulation of TAP1 contributes to tumor progression and is associated with an increased presence of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment. However, it remains unclear whether the elevation of MDSCs leads to immune cell exhaustion in tumors lacking TAP1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRitlecitinib, a JAK3 /TEC inhibitor, modulates the markers of celiac autoimmunity in alopecia areata and vitiligo patients.
Arch Dermatol Res
January 2025
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
Background: Celiac disease (CeD) has shown an association with autoimmune disorders including vitiligo and alopecia areata (AA). Ritlecitinib, a JAK3 and TEC kinase family inhibitor, has been approved for treatment of patients with AA and is in late-stage development for vitiligo. Ritlecitinib inhibits cytotoxic T cells, NK cells, and B cells which play a role in the pathogenesis of CeD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTreponema denticola major surface protein (Msp): a key player in periodontal pathogenicity and immune evasion.
Arch Microbiol
January 2025
Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Treponema denticola, a bacterium that forms a "red complex" with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia, is associated with periodontitis, pulpitis, and other oral infections. The major surface protein (Msp) is a surface glycoprotein with a relatively well-established overall domain structure (N-terminal, central and C-terminal regions) and a controversial tertiary structure. As one of the key virulence factors of T.
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