Accurate and reliable drug susceptibility testing (DST) is essential for the effective treatment and control of tuberculosis. With the increase in drug-resistant organisms, newer and less conventional antimicrobial agents are used for treatment. Recently, we found an unprecedented rise in the number of clofazimine-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in our laboratory. An investigation found that this phenomenon was due to a change in the method of drug preparation. We performed studies to assess the impact of water and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a final diluent for clofazimine drug testing. Based on our findings, the use of DMSO as a solvent for M. tuberculosis DST was optimised using the BACTEC MGIT 960 platform.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2018.01.006 | DOI Listing |
Pharmaceutics
December 2024
University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Background/objectives: Clofazimine (CFZ) is a Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) II drug introduced in the US market in 1986 for the treatment of leprosy. However, CFZ was later withdrawn from the market due to its extremely low aqueous solubility and low absorption. In the literature, the intrinsic solubility of CFZ has been estimated to be <0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Case Rep
December 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO, USA.
Background: Leprosy (Hansen's disease) is an infectious disease most common in resource-limited countries caused by the acid-fast bacilli Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis that frequently affects the skin and peripheral nerves. Prompt diagnosis and treatment with multidrug therapy is crucial to reduce disease transmission and sequelae, which include nerve function impairment, ocular injury, and stigmatizing physical deformities. Traditional treatment of multibacillary leprosy consists of 12-24 months of multidrug therapy with dapsone, rifampin, and clofazimine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobiol Spectr
December 2024
National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Given the intrinsic resistance of to a wide range of conventional antibiotics, it is urgent to explore new therapeutic approaches to manage this infection effectively. Carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), a proton pump inhibitor, has shown good bacteriostatic activity against . This study aimed to determine its synergistic antimicrobial effects when combined with commonly used antibiotics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
December 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
, a leading non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) pathogen, causes chronic pulmonary infections, particularly in individuals with underlying lung conditions or immunosuppression. Current treatments involve prolonged multi-drug regimens with poor outcomes and significant side effects, highlighting the urgent need for improved therapies. Using a BALB/c mouse model of chronic pulmonary disease, we evaluated the efficacy of individual antibiotics-clarithromycin, clofazimine, and rifabutin-and combination regimens including clarithromycin+bedaquiline and clarithromycin+clofazimine+bedaquiline.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Case Rep
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
A young male in his late 20s presented with brownish discolouration of the conjunctiva and periocular area of both eyes. He was diagnosed as a case of lepromatous leprosy with recurrent type II lepra reaction 4 years ago and was started on multidrug therapy-multi bacillary, which included clofazimine. The best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes.
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