Increased Cystatin C Level in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Predisposes the Prognosis of Angioplasty.

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of cystatin C in ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients who underwent elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 664 STEMI patients from 7 centers who were treated with elective PCI. These patients were divided into 3 groups according their admission cystatin C levels as < 0.84, 0.84-1.03 and ≥1.04mg/L. The all-cause mortalities and the composite endpoints, including mortality, reinfarction, rehospitalization for heart failure and angina or repeat target vessel revascularization were observed for up to 5 years.

Results: As cystatin C levels from low to high, all-cause mortalities were progressively increased 0.9%, 3.7% and 9.5% (P < 0.001), as well as the composite endpoints, 11.1%, 21.7% and 40.7%, respectively (P < 0.001). When patients had the level of cystatin C ≥0.84mg/L, their risks of composite endpoints increased 2- to 3-fold of those with <0.84mg/L, with the adjusted hazard ratio of 2.096 (95% CI: 1.047-4.196, P = 0.037) and 3.608 (95% CI: 1.939-6.716, P < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusions: Increased cystatin C levels may be associated with enhanced risks of composite endpoints in patients with STEMI undergoing elective PCI.