Background: Many questions regarding the mechanisms behind sex differences in cognitive abilities are still unanswered. On a group level, men typically outperform women on certain spatial tasks, whereas women perform better on certain tests of memory and verbal ability. The prevailing theories concerning the biological predispositions for these and other differences in behaviour and brain function focus on early and prolonged exposure to sex hormones. There is, however, evidence of direct effects of sex chromosomes on sex-typical behaviour in other species.
Objectives: To study the influence of sex hormones and sex chromosomes on cognition in women with Complete androgen insensitivity (CAIS) and Gonadal dysgenesis (GD).
Methods: Eighteen women with CAIS, 6 women with 46,XYGD, and 7 women with 46,XXGD were compared with age-matched male and female controls on tests of spatial and verbal abilities, memory functions, and emotion recognition.
Results: Women with CAIS, XYGD, and XXGD performed similar to female controls on cognitive tasks. However, on a test of emotion recognition, women with XXGD outperformed the other groups, whereas women with CAIS and XYGD performed similar to male controls.
Conclusion: Our results support theories of androgen effects on cognitive abilities and suggest that factors related to sex chromosomes may influence emotion recognition. Implications of an atypical sex hormone situation and sex chromosome variation are discussed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.05.003 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Developing a Machine Learning-Based Automated Patient Engagement Estimator for Telehealth: Algorithm Development and Validation Study.
JMIR Form Res
January 2025
Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayett, IN, United States.
Background: Patient engagement is a critical but challenging public health priority in behavioral health care. During telehealth sessions, health care providers need to rely predominantly on verbal strategies rather than typical nonverbal cues to effectively engage patients. Hence, the typical patient engagement behaviors are now different, and health care provider training on telehealth patient engagement is unavailable or quite limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe impact of sociodemographic, psychological, and quality of life factors on dual-task performance in elderly individuals: a cross-sectional study in Iraq.
Aging Ment Health
January 2025
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey.
Objective: This study aims to explore how sociodemographic, psychological, and quality of life factors impact dual-task performance among elderly individuals in Iraq.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 384 healthy community-dwelling participants aged 60 years and over, recruited from Najaf, Iraq. Data were collected using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Form (WHOQOL-BREF).
Assessment of depressive disorders and states of anxiety in patients following cerebrovascular accidents in connection with health care provision.
Cent Eur J Public Health
December 2024
Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
Objective: Anxiety and depression in patients following cerebrovascular accidents are among frequently occurring complications of the medical condition. The consequences affect personal, family, professional, and social life. They cause severe functional and cognitive impairments, limit the ability to perform normal daily activities, which can result in complete disability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpigallocatechin 3-gallate-induced neuroprotection in neurodegenerative diseases: molecular mechanisms and clinical insights.
Mol Cell Biochem
January 2025
Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Luigi Vanvitelli 32, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are caused by progressive neuronal death and cognitive decline. Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) is a polyphenolic molecule in green tea as a neuroprotective agent. This review evaluates the therapeutic effects of EGCG and explores the molecular mechanisms that show its neuroprotective properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEdaravone Mitigates Hippocampal Neuronal Death and Cognitive Dysfunction by Upregulating BDNF Expression in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Rats.
Int J Dev Neurosci
February 2025
Department of Digestive and Nutrition, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a severe neurological injury during infancy, often resulting in long-term cognitive deficits. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Edaravone (EDA), a free radical scavenger, and elucidate the potential role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in mediating these effects in neonatal HIE rats. Using the Rice-Vannucci model, HIE was induced in neonatal rats, followed by immediate administration of EDA after the hypoxic-ischemic insult.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!