Background: The objective of this systematic review was to summarize and evaluate evidence about the effectiveness of knowledge translation (KT) interventions to improve the uptake and application of clinical practice guidelines and best practices for a wide range of musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders and health care professionals.
Methods: A search for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English was conducted in MEDLINE (Ovid interface), EMBASE, CINAHL, and CENTRAL (Cochrane library). Two independent reviewers selected studies, assessed risk of bias, and extracted data. All MSK disorders were included except MSK injuries, fractures, trauma, or inflammatory disorders.
Results: A total of 7904 citations yielded 11 eligible RCTs. The targeted MSK disorders included: low back pain (n = 5), neck pain (n = 2), whiplash (1), spinal disorders (n = 1), and osteoarthritis of the hip and knee (n = 2). Studies primarily involved physiotherapists, chiropractors, and a mix of physiotherapists, chiropractors and osteopaths. Results were reported using effect sizes (Cohen's d). Interactive educational meetings were the most commonly used KT strategy. For professional outcomes, 3 studies using single-component interventions had a small effect (d ranges from 0.14 to 0.28) and 7 studies used multifaceted interventions (3 were effective (d ranges from 0.824 to 2.27). For patient outcomes, 4 studies were ineffective (d ranges from 0.06 to 0.31). The majority of the included RCTs had moderate-to-high risk of bias. About half of the studies used theory-based interventions, but the elements of the interventions and theoretical frameworks were often poorly described. Furthermore, there were no comparable outcome measures to evaluate the impact of the interventions on a similar scale.
Conclusions: The findings suggested that multifaceted educational KT interventions appear to be effective for improving professional outcomes, although effects were inconsistent. The KT strategies were generally not effective on patient outcomes. In general, studies were of low quality, interventions were poorly described, and only half had theoretical underpinning. Researchers are encouraged to use validated professional and patient outcomes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3253-0 | DOI Listing |
Mol Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
The Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network for Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) created psychosis Biotypes based on neurobiological measurements in a multi-ancestry sample. These Biotypes cut across DSM diagnoses of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder with psychosis. Two recently developed post hoc ancestry adjustment methods of Polygenic Risk Scores (PRSs) generate Ancestry-Adjusted PRSs (AAPRSs), which allow for PRS analysis of multi-ancestry samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSSM Qual Res Health
December 2024
Department of Clinical Research, Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania.
The increased prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in recent years has led many Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), including Tanzania, to develop policies to manage their burden. Musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions, such as arthritis, account for 20% of all years lived with disability in LMICs, but the NCD strategies rarely address them. There is substantial research on the disruption MSK conditions cause to people's lives within High-Income Countries, but very little is known about the lived experiences in LMICs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Radiol
December 2024
Department of Radiology AZ Sint Maarten Mechelen, University (Hospital) Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Objectives: An update of the first European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology (ESSR) consensus on soft tissue tumor imaging in 2015 became necessary due to technical advancements, further insights into specific entities, and the revised WHO classification (2020) and AJCC staging system (2017). The third part of the revised guidelines covers algorithms and techniques beyond initial imaging: (1) Imaging after neoadjuvant therapy in soft tissue sarcoma, (2) sarcoma surveillance, and (3) special aspects, including surveillance of non-malignant entities and the role of interventional radiology.
Materials And Methods: A validated Delphi method based on peer-reviewed literature was used to derive consensus among a panel of 46 specialized musculoskeletal radiologists from 12 European countries.
J Allergy Clin Immunol
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Transplant and Cellular Therapy, MSK Kids-Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY. Electronic address:
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibody production by hyper-activated B cells. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) relieve lupus symptoms by inhibiting mainly T cells, whether MSCs also inhibit B cells has been controversial. Here, we found that naïve MSCs inhibited IFN-γ production by T cells, but not IgM production by B cells.
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