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Coordination between growth and division is a fundamental feature of cells. In many syncytia, cell growth must couple with multiple nuclear divisions in one cytoplasm. In the fungus, cell-cycle progression and hyphal elongation require condensates formed by the protein Whi3 in complex with distinct mRNA species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantitative analysis of the dexamethasone side effect on human-derived young and aged skeletal muscle by myotube and nuclei segmentation using deep learning.
Bioinformatics
January 2025
Department of Robotics & Mechatronics Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea.
Motivation: Skeletal muscle cells (skMCs) combine together to create long, multi-nucleated structures called myotubes. By studying the size, length, and number of nuclei in these myotubes, we can gain a deeper understanding of skeletal muscle development. However, human experimenters may often derive unreliable results owing to the unusual shape of the myotube, which causes significant measurement variability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModulation of the JAK2-STAT3 pathway promotes expansion and maturation of human iPSCs-derived myogenic progenitor cells.
bioRxiv
December 2024
Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Generation of induced pluripotent cells (hiPSCs)-derived skeletal muscle progenitor cells (SMPCs) holds great promise for regenerative medicine for skeletal muscle wasting diseases, as for example Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). Multiple approaches, involving ectopic expression of key regulatory myogenic genes or small molecules cocktails, have been described by different groups to obtain SMPC towards cell-transplantation as a therapeutic approach to skeletal muscle diseases. However, hiPSCs-derived SMPC generated using transgene-free protocols are usually obtained in a low amount and resemble a more embryonal/fetal stage of differentiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTNK2 Inhibitor (R)-9bMS Causes Polyploidization Through Mitotic Failure by Targeting Aurora B.
Cell Biochem Funct
December 2024
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan.
TNK2 is a ubiquitously expressed nonreceptor-type tyrosine kinase. TNK2 participates in tumorigenesis, and TNK2 activation has been found in various cancers; therefore, TNK2 is a promising target for cancer chemotherapy. While the TNK2 inhibitor XMD16-5 is highly selective, it inhibits cytokinesis at higher concentrations by targeting Aurora B kinase, a key enzyme for cell division.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Brown tumors are benign lesions caused by hyperparathyroidism and characterized by increased osteoclast activity and mass effect, which can lead to paraplegia when the spine is involved. Secondary hyperparathyroidism is common in patients on long-term hemodialysis therapy.
Case Report: We report the case of a 48-year-old man on regular dialysis who presented with leg weakness as well as back pain and was diagnosed with secondary hyperparathyroidism and thoracic spine tumor.
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