Combination and inducible adjuvants targeting nucleic acid sensors.

Curr Opin Pharmacol

Laboratory of Vaccine Science, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (iFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research (CVAR), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NBIOHN), Osaka, Japan. Electronic address:

Published: August 2018

AI Article Synopsis

  • The innate immune system uses pattern recognition receptors to detect nucleic acids from pathogens or tumors, which is essential for effective immune responses against diseases.
  • Recent discoveries have identified numerous nucleic acid sensors and ligands, opening up possibilities for new vaccine adjuvants that enhance nucleic acid sensing pathways.
  • This review focuses on existing vaccine adjuvants that target these nucleic acid sensors and explains how they function to improve vaccine efficacy.

Article Abstract

Innate immune sensing of nucleic acids derived from invading pathogens or tumor cells via pattern recognition receptors is crucial for mounting protective immune responses against infectious disease and cancer. Recently, discovery of tremendous amounts of nucleic acid sensors as well as identification of natural and synthetic ligands for these receptors revealed the potential of adjuvants targeting nucleic acid sensing pathways for designing efficacious vaccines. Especially, current data indicated that unique adjuvants targeting TLR9 and stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-dependent cytosolic nucleic acid sensing pathways along with the combinations of already existing adjuvants are promising candidates for this purpose. Here, we review current vaccine adjuvants targeting nucleic acid sensors and their modes of action.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2018.05.003DOI Listing

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