AI Article Synopsis
- Planarians possess remarkable regenerative abilities due to a population of pluripotent stem cells called neoblasts, which are responsible for cell turnover and regeneration.
- Neoblasts share similarities with germ cells at both morphological and molecular levels but differentiate into somatic tissues rather than germ cells.
- Various RNA binding proteins crucial for germ cell biology also play a significant role in neoblast function, with post-transcriptional regulation being essential for stem cell maintenance, influencing processes like splicing and mRNA stability, and showing conservation from planarians to mammals.
Article Abstract
Planarians are known for their immense regenerative abilities. A pluripotent stem cell population provides the cellular source for this process, as well as for the homeostatic cell turnover of the animals. These stem cells, known as neoblasts, present striking similarities at the morphological and molecular level to germ cells, but however, give rise to somatic tissue. Many RNA binding proteins known to be important for germ cell biology are also required for neoblast function, highlighting the importance of post-transcriptional regulation for stem cell control. Many of its aspects, including alternative splicing, alternative polyadenylation, translational control and mRNA deadenylation, as well as small RNAs such as microRNAs and piRNA are critical for stem cells. Their inhibition often abrogates both regeneration and cell turnover, resulting in lethality. Some of aspects of post-transcriptional regulation are conserved from planarian to mammalian stem cells.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.05.013 | DOI Listing |
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