Background: As a result of the spread of parasites resistant to antimalarial drugs, Malaria treatment guidelines in Cameroon evolved from nonartemisinin monotherapy to artemisinin-based combination therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of these therapy changes on the prevalence of molecular markers of resistance from 2003 to 2013 in Mutengene, Cameroon.
Methodology: Dry blood samples (collected in 2003-2005 and 2009-2013) were used for parasite DNA extraction. Drug resistance genes were amplified by PCR and hybridized with oligonucleotide probes or subjected to restriction digestion. The prevalence of individual marker polymorphisms and haplotypes was compared in these two study periods using the Chi square test.
Results: Alleles conferring resistance to 4-aminoquinolines in the 76T and 86Y, 184F, and 1246Y genotypes showed a significant reduction of 97.0% to 66.9%, 83.6% to 45.2%, 97.3% to 56.0%, and 3.1% to 0.0%, respectively ( < 0.05). No difference was observed in SNPs associated with antifolate drugs resistance 51I, 59R, 108N, or 540E ( > 0.05). Haplotype analysis in the gene showed a reduction in the YFD from 75.90% to 42.2%, < 0.0001, and an increase in the NYD (2.9% to 30.1%; < 0.0001).
Conclusions: The results indicated a gradual return of the 4-aminoquinoline sensitive genotype while the antifolate resistant genotypes increased to saturation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7071383 | DOI Listing |
J Magn Reson Imaging
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is heterogeneous and involves structural changes in the whole joint, such as cartilage, meniscus/labrum, ligaments, and tendons, mainly with short T2 relaxation times. Detecting OA before the onset of irreversible changes is crucial for early proactive management and limit growing disease burden. The more recent advanced quantitative imaging techniques and deep learning (DL) algorithms in musculoskeletal imaging have shown great potential for visualizing "pre-OA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cancer Res Ther
December 2024
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are key components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and serve as prognostic markers for breast cancer. Patients with high TIL infiltration generally experience better clinical outcomes and extended survival compared to those with low TIL infiltration. However, as the TME is highly complex and TIL subtypes perform distinct biological functions, TILs may only provide an approximate indication of tumor immune status, potentially leading to biased prognostic results.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Biol Toxicol
January 2025
Research Institute, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China.
Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest. Ketamine has been widely used to treat MDD owing to its rapid effect in relieving depressive symptoms. Importantly, not all patients respond to ketamine treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral Maxillofac Surg
January 2025
Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Purpose: It has been suggested that dentofacial deformities (DFD) can impair sleep quality. This pilot study aimed at evaluating sleep disorders in individuals with DFD before orthognathic surgery, correlating the clinical findings with salivary biomarker levels.
Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled ten males and ten females with DFD diagnoses under orthodontic treatment preceding orthognathic surgery.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Colistin is used as a last-line treatment for multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli. Neurotoxicity limits clinic use of colistin. The use of colistin causes oxidative stress and inflammation.
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