Background: Cadmium (Cd), a diffused environmental pollutant, has adverse effects on urinary apparatus. The role of flavocoxid, a natural flavonoid with antioxidant activity, on the morphological and biochemical changes induced by Cd in mice kidney was evaluated.

Methods: C57 BL/6J mice received 0.9% NaCl alone, flavocoxid (20 mg/kg/day i.p.) alone, Cd chloride (CdCl) (2 mg/kg/day i.p.) alone, or CdCl plus flavocoxid (2 mg/kg/day i.p. plus 20 mg/kg/day i.p.) for 14 days. The kidneys were processed for biochemical, structural, ultrastructural, and morphometric evaluation.

Results: Cd treatment alone significantly increased urea nitrogen and creatinine, iNOS, MMP-9, and pERK 1/2 expression and protein carbonyl; reduced GSH, GR, and GPx; and induced structural and ultrastructural changes in the glomeruli and in the tubular epithelium. After 14 days of treatment, flavocoxid administration reduced urea nitrogen and creatinine, iNOS, MMP-9, and pERK 1/2 expression and protein carbonyl; increased GSH, GR, and GPx; and showed an evident preservation of the glomerular and tubular structure and ultrastructure.

Conclusions: A protective role of flavocoxid against Cd-induced oxidative damages in mouse kidney was demonstrated for the first time. Flavocoxid may have a promising antioxidant role against environmental Cd harmful effects on glomerular and tubular lesions.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5932425PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9162946DOI Listing

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