Purpose Of Review: The current review summarizes and discusses current research on differences elicited between sugars and nonnutritive sweeteners via sugar-sensing pathways.
Recent Findings: Sugars, sweeteners, and sweetening agents are all perceived as sweet tasting because of their ability to bind to the type 1 taste receptor family of sweet taste receptors in the oral cavity. The ability of a wide variety of chemical ligands to activate the sweet taste receptor highlights the importance of sweet-tasting foods during human evolution. The sweet taste receptor has been located in the gut, and differences between oral and gut sugar-sensing pathways are discussed.
Summary: Differences in the sweetness transduction cascade, and neuronal signalling may result in incretin hormone release upon activation of the sweet taste receptor from some sweeteners, but not others.
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