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Nutritional state-dependent modulation of insulin-producing cells in .
Elife
January 2025
Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Insulin plays a key role in metabolic homeostasis. insulin-producing cells (IPCs) are functional analogues of mammalian pancreatic beta cells and release insulin directly into circulation. To investigate the in vivo dynamics of IPC activity, we quantified the effects of nutritional and internal state changes on IPCs using electrophysiological recordings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHow do trees fail in intraspecific competition? A test for the roles of non-structural carbohydrates and stoichiometries in Pinus massoniana.
Plant Physiol Biochem
January 2025
College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China. Electronic address:
Competition is ubiquitous and an important driver of tree mortality. Non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs, including soluble sugars and starch) and C-N-P stoichiometries are affected by the competitive status of trees and, in turn, physiologically determine tree growth and survival in competition. However, the physiological mechanisms behind tree mortality caused by intraspecific competition remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOver lifetime, organisms can be repeatedly exposed to stress, shaping their phenotype. At certain, so-called sensitive phases, individuals might be more receptive to such stress, for example, nutritional stress. However, little is known about how plastic responses differ between individuals experiencing nutritional stress early versus later in life or repeatedly, particularly in species with distinct ontogenetic niches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysio-biochemical and molecular mechanisms of low nitrogen stress tolerance in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.).
Plant Mol Biol
January 2025
Henan Key Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat and Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Crop Root Biology and Green Efficient Production, School of Life Sciences, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
Nitrogen (N) is a major plant nutrient and its deficiency can arrest plant growth. However, how low-N stress impair plant growth and its related tolerance mechanisms in peanut seedlings has not yet been explored. To counteract this issue, a hydroponic study was conducted to explore low N stress (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarbohydrate supplementation maintains physical performance during short-term energy deficit despite reductions in exogenous glucose oxidation.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA.
Exogenous glucose oxidation is reduced 55% during aerobic exercise after three days of complete starvation. Whether energy deficits more commonly experienced by athletes and military personnel similarly affect exogenous glucose oxidation and what impact this has on physical performance remains undetermined. This randomized, longitudinal parallel study aimed to assess the effects of varying magnitudes of energy deficit (DEF) on exogenous glucoseoxidation and physical performance compared to energy balance (BAL).
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