AI Article Synopsis
- Sympathy is a universal emotion linked to a desire to alleviate suffering, but its interpretation and responses vary across cultures.
- Studies show that sympathy is similarly experienced in the U.S. and China, where it is triggered by undeserved suffering and perceived as unpleasant.
- Cultural differences exist in how suffering is attributed, how deserving someone appears, and the resulting actions people take—whether to help or punish those who suffer.
Article Abstract
Feeling sympathy in response to suffering appears to be a universal human experience, but we know very little about how it is experienced in non-Western cultures. In the present studies, we show that sympathy is a complex emotion that has a distinct appraisal theme of wanting to alleviate suffering and that cultural variation occurs in interpretations of suffering and behavioral responses. In particular, the present studies show that sympathy is conceptualized similarly in both the United States and China (Studies 1 and 2), and that it is elicited by undeserved suffering in both cultures (Study 2), is experienced as unpleasant (Study 2), and motivates a desire to help others (Studies 2, 3, and 4). Results also revealed cultural differences in attributions of suffering, perceptions of deservingness, and behavioral tendencies to help and punish individuals who are suffering. The present findings support sympathy as a distinct emotion that responds to suffering and open the door for cultural variation in interpretations and responses to suffering, including decisions to help. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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