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Response to azathioprine treatment in autoimmune hepatitis is dependent on glutathione transferase genotypes.

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Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden. Electronic address:

Background: Azathioprine (AZA) is part of the standard treatment for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). The first step in the complex bioconversion of AZA to active metabolites is mediated by glutathione transferases (GSTs).

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Pharmacogenetics is a branch of genomic medicine aiming to personalize drug prescription guidelines based on individual genetic information. This concept might lead to a reduction in adverse drug reactions, which place a heavy burden on individual patients' health and the economy of the healthcare system. The aim of this study was to present insights gained from the pharmacogenetics-based clustering of over 500 patients from the Croatian population.

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Pharmacometabolomics Enables Real-World Drug Metabolism Sciences.

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