Exploring Modular Glycolipids Involved in Nematode Chemical Communication.

Chemical communication in nematodes has been known for over half a century, but the underlying molecular basis remained largely elusive. Recent advances in analytical techniques facilitated the characterization of a modular glycolipid library based on the dideoxysugar L-ascarylose, which modulates behavior and development in the model organism C. elegans. Ascaroside signaling is highly conserved in nematodes and represents a key factor in nematode chemical ecology. Ascaroside biosynthesis depends on the co-option of the peroxisomal β-oxidation cycle and in addition integrates a large diversity of additional building blocks derived from various primary metabolic pathways to give rise to species-specific modular assemblies, thus, transcending the concept of strictly segregated primary versus secondary metabolism.