Introduction: Compared to laparotomy, laparoscopy has many benefits for patients, such as shorter recovery and lower morbidity rates. Port site metastases after laparoscopic approach in the treatment of gynecologic malignancies are uncommon. The purpose of this review is to identify and summarize possible risk factors for port-site metastases in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery in the ambit of gynecologic oncology.
Discussion: The precise incidence of port-site metastases is not well known because many patients are not followed-up during the whole postoperative period. Possible risk factors that can increase the risk of port-site metastases can be the presence of large masses in the abdomen, especially in the presence of concomitant ascites and in patients treated for ovarian carcinomas. Different theories have been postulated in order to explain the development of port site metastases during laparoscopy for oncological patients.
Conclusions: Patient selection is an essential factor that can influence the incidence of port site metastases in gynecological patients. Robust data regarding port site metastases in gynecologic oncology are needed.
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