Syntheses of Gibberellins A and A, the Key Metabolites in Gibberellin Biosynthesis.

Gibberellins (GAs) are essential phytohormones involved in numerous aspects of plant growth and development. Notably, the biochemistry and genetics of GA biosynthesis, which is associated with their endogenous regulation, have been largely resolved; however, a crucial unsolved question remains: the precise mechanism of the stepwise oxidation and subsequent removal of C-20 from C precursors, leading to bioactive C gibberellins, is still unresolved. To satisfy numerous requests from biologists, practical preparations of certain GAs that were isolated in miniscule quantities are highly demanded. Herein, we report the first practical syntheses of GA and GA, the key C metabolites in gibberellin biosynthesis, from commercially available GA. The protocols are robust and offer the capacity to produce GA and GA under gram scales in high overall yields and thus aid in further biological and related studies.