Object: The purpose of this article was to synthesize the evidence regarding the reduction of physical restraint, and to seek some practical recommendations based on the current situation in China.
Method: Nine databases were retrieved; these were PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Trip Database, PsysINFO, Cochrane Library, CNKI (Chinese database), Wanfang (Chinese database) and CBM (Chinese database) respectively. The selected articles were screened manually, and the identified researches were appraised through Review manager 5.3.
Result: Eight studies (four randomized controlled trials and four quasi-experimental studies) published between June 2013 and May 2017 were selected. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as the effect index for dichotomous variables. The standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% CIs were calculated as the pooled continuous effect. The outcome of meta-analysis suggested staff training reduced the duration (IV=-0.88; 95% CIs=-1.65 to -0.10; Z=2.22; p=0.03) and adverse effect (RR, 0.16; 95% CIs=0.09 to 0.30; Z=5.96; p<0.00001) of physical restraint, but there were no statistical change in the frequency of physical restraint (RR, 0.74; 95% CIs=0.43 to 1.28; Z=1.07; p=0.28). Noticeably, the result of pooled estimates from 3 RCTs suggested staff training had no effects on the incidence of physical restraint. (RR, 1.01; 95% CIs=0.45 to 2.24; Z=0.02; p=0.99) CONCLUSION: Staff training was an effective measure to minimize the duration and adverse effects of physical restraint. More studies are needed to examine the effectiveness of staff training in relation to reduce the prevalence of physical restraint. Furthermore, considering the nurse's education background in China, it is recommended to conduct a compulsory training program to reduce the unnecessary restraint.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2017.11.028 | DOI Listing |
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dongguan Hospital, Guangdong Province, China.
Dental Fluorosis (DF) is one of the negative outcomes of excessive fluoride (F) intake through food sources. This systematic review aimed to compare F content in two important food sources for infants, Mother's Milk (MoM) and Infant Formula (IF), and then evaluate the risk of DF related to F in those two types of food. For this purpose, 181 studies were initially found by searching the relevant keywords in widely recognized databases, including Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, and PubMed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Sports Act Living
January 2025
Department of Sports Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Background: In recent years, an increasing number of scholars have begun to focus on the relationship between children's motor development and school activities, with the relationship between children's fine motor skills and academic achievement being a particularly researched area. However, due to different research perspectives among scholars, the results in this field have been somewhat controversial. Therefore, this study aims to delve deeper into the relationship between children's fine motor skills and their various academic abilities through systematic review and meta-analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrthop J Sports Med
January 2025
Comprehensive Sports Medicine Center (CSMC), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Background: The importance of monitoring both physical and mental health in athletes across different levels of sport is increasingly acknowledged due to potential injury risks. However, for the Chinese-speaking population, there has not yet been an appropriate assessment tool available.
Purpose: To translate, culturally adapt, and assess the validity and reliability of the Chinese versions of the updated Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Overuse Injury Questionnaire (OSTRC-O2) and the Health Problems Questionnaire (OSTRC-H2) among Taiwanese collegiate athletes.
Ecol Evol
January 2025
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems Potsdam Germany.
Mountains with complex terrain and steep environmental gradients are biodiversity hotspots such as the eastern Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, it is generally assumed that mountain terrain plays a secondary role in plant species assembly on a millennial time-scale compared to climate change. Here, we investigate plant richness and community changes during the last 18,000 years at two sites: Lake Naleng and Lake Ximen on the eastern TP with similar elevation and climatic conditions but contrasting terrain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Tradit Complement Med
November 2024
Department of Chinese Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Objective: This study was designed to determine the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture (EA) at acupoints ST36 and/or PC6 for postoperative gastrointestinal (GI) recovery.
Method: Studies were retrieved from the PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, and Airiti library databases from inception to January 23, 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effect of EA at ST36 and/or PC6 on postoperative GI recovery were reviewed.
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