Disturbance of the gut microbiota is common in liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, the underlying mechanisms of which are yet to be unfolded. This study aims to explore the relationship between small bowel transit (SBT) and gut microbiota in LC patients. Cross-sectional design was applied with 36 LC patients and 20 healthy controls (HCs). The gut microbiota was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and the Microbial Dysbiosis index (MDI) were used to evaluate the severity of microbiota dysbiosis. The scintigraphy method was performed in patients to describe the objective values of SBT. Patients were then subdivided according to the Child-Pugh score (threshold = 5) or SBT value (threshold = 0.6) for microbiota analysis. LC patients were characterized by an altered gut microbiota; F/B ratios and MDI were higher than HC in both Child_5 (14.00 ± 14.69 vs. 2.86 ± 0.99, < 0.01; 0.49 ± 0.80 vs. -0.47 ± 0.69, < 0.01) and Child_5+ (15.81 ± 15.11 vs. 2.86±0.99, < 0.01; 1.11 ± 1.05 vs. -0.47 ± 0.69, < 0.01) sub-groups in patients. Difference in the gut microbiota between Child_ 5 and Child_5+ patients was inappreciable, but the SBT was relatively slower in Child_5+ patients (43 ± 26% vs. 80 ± 15%, < 0.05). Compared with the Child-Pugh score indicators, SBT showed stronger associations with bacterial genera. A clear difference in the gut microbiota was observed between SBT_0.6- and SBT_0.6+ patients [Pr(>) = 0.0068, pMANOVA], with higher F/B ratios and MDI in SBT_0.6- patients (19.71 ± 16.62 vs. 7.33 ± 6.65, < 0.01; 1.02 ± 0.97 vs. 0.20 ± 0.58, < 0.01). Similar results were observed between the SBT_0.6- and SBT_0.6+ sub-groups of patients with normal liver function and a Child-Pugh score of 5. SBT was negatively correlated with both the F/B ratio and MDI ( = -0.34, < 0.05; = -0.38, < 0.05). Interestingly, an increased capacity for the inferred pathway "bacterial invasion of epithelial cells" in patients, was highly negatively correlated with SBT ( = -0.57, < 0.01). The severity of microbiota dysbiosis in LC patients depends on SBT rather than Child-Pugh score. SBT might be significantly related to the gut microbiota abnormalities observed in patients with LC.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00470 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
December 2024
SILA Department, Institute of Health and Nature, Ilisimatusarfik-University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland.
The consumption of prey intestines and their content, known as gastrophagy, is well-documented among Arctic Indigenous peoples, particularly Inuit. In Greenland, Inuit consume intestines from various animals, including the ptarmigan, a small herbivorous grouse bird. While gastrophagy provides the potential to transfer a large number of intestinal microorganisms from prey to predator, including to the human gut, its microbial implications remain to be investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Toxicol
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Obesity leads to a variety of health risks, and lead, which is ranked second in Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry's priority list of harmful substances, may be more harmful to individuals that are obese. C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal diet or a high-fat diet with or without exposure to 1 g/L lead exposure in drinking water for 8 consecutive weeks. Serum and hepatic biochemistry analysis, histopathological observation, and RT-qPCR were used to explore the potential mechanism of liver damage in obese individuals after Pb exposure, and fecal microbiota transplantation was performed to investigate the role of the gut microbiota in the progression of fatty liver disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFEBS J
December 2024
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Hypoxia is a predominant risk factor at high altitudes, and evidence suggests that high-altitude hypoxia alters the gut microbiota, which plays an essential regulatory role in memory function. However, the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and memory impairment under hypoxic conditions remains unclear. In this study, we employed a high-altitude hypoxia model combined with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) approach in mice to explore the effects of the gut microbiota on memory impairment in a hypoxic environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Toxicol
December 2024
Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1-5 Beichenxilu Road, Beijing, 100101, China.
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is one of the most widely used organophosphorus pesticides all over the world. Unfortunately, long-term exposure to CPF may cause considerable toxicity to organisms. Some evidence suggests that the intestinal microbial community may be involved in regulating the toxicity of CPF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Funct
December 2024
SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Key Laboratory for Marine Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
Zinc is essential for maintaining the integrity and repair of small intestinal epithelial cells while zinc deficiency could induce the inflammatory infiltration and imbalance of intestinal flora in the intestine. In this study, glycosylation between oyster protein hydrolysate (OPH) and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) was conducted and used as the carrier of zinc ions (OCZn). The results of zeta potential and particle size distribution showed that the OPH-COS successfully bound to zinc ions to form OCZn with a surface zinc content of 0.
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