Interactions Between Microglia and Newly Formed Hippocampal Neurons in Physiological and Seizure-Induced Inflammatory Environment.

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is modulated by physiological and pathological stimuli, including seizures and inflammation. Here, we describe stable interactions between microglia and newborn neurons using two-photon and confocal microscopy. On 3 weeks-old neurons, these interactions exhibit preferences for distal dendrites under physiological conditions. Conversely, after status epilepticus, ramified microglia, in particular, interact more with the proximal dendrites of new neurons. No such differences were found on 6 weeks-old neurons. Our study demonstrates regional and temporal specificity of the interactions between newborn neurons and microglia during a critical period for homeostasis and synaptic integration.