While viewing a video clip, we experience a wide variety of contents, from low-level features of the images to high-level ideas such as the storyline. Each change in our experience must be supported by some corresponding change in neurophysiological activity. Differentiation analysis, which quantifies the differences in brain activity by measuring the distances between observed brain states, was applied here to continuous high-density electroencephalographic data recorded while participants watched short video clips. These clips were manipulated in various ways to change the degree of meaningfulness of their contents. We found that neurophysiological differentiation mirrored that of phenomenal differentiation, being higher for meaningful clips and lower for phase-scrambled versions or random noise. The distinction between meaningful and meaningless clips was present even at the individual level, and moreover, differentiation values correlated with individual subjective reports of meaningfulness. Spatial and spectral breakdowns of the overall effect showed frontal and posterior ROIs and highlighted specific roles for different spectral bands. Comparing the results with a multivariate decoding approach reveals that the two methods are capturing different aspects of brain activity and highlights a crucial theoretical distinction between the level and pattern of activity. In future applications, differentiation analysis may be used to evaluate the subjective meaningfulness of stimuli when behavioral responses may be inadequate, as with disorders of consciousness.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01278DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

differentiation analysis
12
video clip
8
brain activity
8
differentiation
6
activity
5
analysis continuous
4
continuous electroencephalographic
4
electroencephalographic activity
4
activity triggered
4
triggered video
4

Similar Publications

A Typology of US Public Health Work-Education Programs.

J Public Health Manag Pract

November 2024

Author Affiliations: Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (Drs White and Elliott, Ms Cunnington, and Dr Greece); Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (Dr Drainoni); Evans Center for Implementation and Improvement Sciences, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (Dr Drainoni); Department of Health, Law, Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (Dr Drainoni); and Winthrop Department of Public Health & Clinical Services, Winthrop, Massachusetts (Ms Hurley).

Objective: A pipeline is required to build a qualified and diverse public health workforce. Work-education programs offer public health students experiential learning, training, and a pathway to public health professions. However, there is a gap in the literature to guide public health practice on the types of programs, their components, and their potential impact.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cytotoxic and Noncytotoxic Steroidal Constituents of .

J Nat Prod

January 2025

Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.

(-)-Cryptanoside A () was identified previously as a major cytotoxic component of the stems of collected in Laos, which mediates its activity by targeting Na/K-ATPase (NKA), with hydrogen bonds formed between its 11- and 4'-hydroxy groups and NKA being observed in its docking profile. In a continuing investigation, and its 17-epimer, (-)-17--cryptanoside A (), and the new (+)-2-hydroxyandrosta-4,6-diene-3-one-17-carboxylic acid () and the known (+)-2,21-dihydroxypregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione or 2-hydroxy-6,7-didehydrocortexone () pregnane-type steroids were isolated from . In addition, (-)-11,4'-di--acetylcryptanoside A () has been synthesized from the acetylation of .

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Specialization of the human hippocampal long axis revisited.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

January 2025

Department of Psychology, Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.

The hippocampus possesses anatomical differences along its long axis. Here, we explored the functional specialization of the human hippocampal long axis using network-anchored precision functional MRI in two independent datasets (N = 11 and N = 9) paired with behavioral analysis (N = 266 and N = 238). Functional connectivity analyses demonstrated that the anterior hippocampus was preferentially correlated with a cerebral network associated with remembering, while the posterior hippocampus selectively contained a region correlated with a distinct network associated with behavioral salience.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Fracture disrupts the integrity and continuity of the bone, leading to symptoms such as pain, tenderness, swelling, and bruising. Rhizoma Musae is a medicinal material frequently utilized in the Miao ethnic region of Guizhou Province, China. However, its specific mechanism of action in treating fractures remains unknown.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

This paper focuses on modeling Resistor-Inductor (RL) electric circuits using a fractional Riccati initial value problem (IVP) framework. Conventional models frequently neglect the complex dynamics and memory effects intrinsic to actual RL circuits. This study aims to develop a more precise representation using a fractional-order Riccati model.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!