AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Bariatric surgeries, including vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), resolve diabetes in 40-50% of patients. Studies examining the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect have centered on the role of the insulinotropic glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), in great part because of the ∼10-fold rise in its circulating levels after surgery. However, there is currently debate over the role of direct β-cell signaling by GLP-1 to mediate improved glucose tolerance following surgery. In order to assess the importance of β-cell GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) for improving glucose control after VSG, a mouse model of this procedure was developed and combined with a genetically modified mouse line allowing an inducible, β-cell-specific knockdown (). Mice with VSG lost ∼20% of body weight over 30 days compared with sham-operated controls and had a ∼60% improvement in glucose tolerance. Isolated islets from VSG mice had significantly greater insulin responses to glucose than controls. knockdown in β-cells caused glucose intolerance in diet-induced obese mice compared with obese controls, but VSG improved glycemic profiles to similar levels during oral and intraperitoneal glucose challenges in and mice. Therefore, even though the β-cell GLP-1R seems to be important for maintaining glucose tolerance in obese mice, in these experiments it is dispensable for the improvement in glucose tolerance after VSG. Moreover, the metabolic physiology activated by VSG can overcome the deficits in glucose regulation caused by lack of β-cell GLP-1 signaling in obesity.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6054432 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db18-0081 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Transcriptome Profiling, Cloning, and Characterization of AnGlu04478, a Ginsenoside Hydrolyzing β-Glucosidase from Aspergillus niger NG1306.
Curr Microbiol
December 2024
College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kunming University, 2 Pu Xin Road, Kunming, 650214, Yunnan, China.
β-Glucosidase plays a pivotal role in transforming ginsenosides into specific minor ginsenosides. In this study, total ginsenosides from Panax notoginseng leaves were used as substrates to stimulate the growth of Aspergillus niger NG1306. Transcriptome analysis identified a β-glucosidase gene, Anglu04478 (1455 bp, 484 amino acids, 54.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong-term egg-protein hydrolysate consumption improves endothelial function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in older adults with overweight or obesity.
Eur J Nutr
December 2024
Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM Research Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Universiteitssingel 50, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Purpose: The dietary egg-protein hydrolysate Newtricious (NWT)-03 has previously demonstrated improvements in blood pressure and metabolic profiles. However, the long-term effects on vascular function and cardiometabolic risk markers are unknown.
Methods: Forty-four older (aged 60-75) adults with overweight/obesity experiencing elevated Subjective Cognitive Failures (SCF) were randomized into a 36-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
The fungicide propiconazole induces hepatic steatosis and activates PXR in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity.
Arch Toxicol
December 2024
Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Propiconazole is a triazole fungicide previously shown to induce triglyceride accumulation in human liver HepaRG cells, potentially via activation of the Pregnane X Receptor (PXR). However, whether propiconazole can disrupt hepatic and whole-body metabolism in vivo is currently unknown. Therefore, we aimed to examine the metabolic effects of propiconazole in the context of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), obesity, and insulin resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Unique Phenotype of Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young With a Novel Disease-Causing Insulin Gene Variant.
JCEM Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, 229899 Singapore.
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) represents 1% to 5% of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), and numerous genes associated with MODY have been identified. While mutations of the insulin gene () are known to cause permanent neonatal DM, rare disease-causing variants have also been found in MODY. These patients demonstrate variable clinical phenotypes-from milder forms requiring lifestyle or oral agent interventions to severe forms requiring lifelong insulin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation of gestational and childhood circulating C-peptide concentrations in the hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes follow-up study.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Molecular Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States. Electronic address:
Aims: This study examined the association of gravida C-peptide with progeny islet function and insulin sensitivity in the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Follow-up Study (HAPO FUS).
Methods: Pregnancy 3rd trimester oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), cord blood, and offspring OGTT glucose, C-peptide and insulin at age 10-14 years were analyzed for 4,121 mother-child dyads. Gravida fasting and 1-hour C-peptide concentration correlations with cord blood and childhood C-peptide, insulin, insulinogenic index and insulin sensitivity, and insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]), were assessed by multiple linear regression.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!