AI Article Synopsis
- A study examined how maternal serum perfluorinated alkyl acid (PFAA) levels after childbirth affect infant PFAA concentrations in 2-4-month-olds, finding that maternal levels can explain 13% to 73% of the variation in infants, especially in breast-fed babies.
- The research revealed that the ratio of infant to maternal PFAA concentrations decreased as the carbon chain length of the PFAA increased, indicating that longer-chain PFAs are less concentrated in infants compared to their mothers.
- Bottle-fed infants had lower levels of PFAAs while those from areas with contaminated drinking water showed significantly higher PFAA concentrations, emphasizing both prenatal and postnatal exposure as key factors influencing infant
Article Abstract
Little is known about factors influencing infant perfluorinated alkyl acid (PFAA) concentrations. Associations between serum PFAA concentrations in 2-4-month-old infants ( n = 101) and determinants were investigated by multiple linear regression and general linear model analysis. In exclusively breast-fed infants, maternal serum PFAA concentrations 3 weeks after delivery explained 13% (perfluoroundecanoic acid, PFUnDA) to 73% (perfluorohexanesulfonate, PFHxS) of infant PFAA concentration variation. Median infant/maternal ratios decreased with increasing PFAA carbon chain length from 2.8 for perfluoroheptanoic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) to 0.53 for PFUnDA and from 1.2 to 0.69 for PFHxS and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS). Infant PFOA, perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and PFOS levels increased 0.7-1.2% per day of gestational age. Bottle-fed infants had mean concentrations of PFAAs 2 times lower than and a mean percentage of branched (%br) PFOS isomers 1.3 times higher than those of exclusively breast-fed infants. PFOA, PFNA, and PFHxS levels increased 8-11% per week of exclusive breast-feeding. Infants living in an area receiving PFAA-contaminated drinking water had 3-fold higher mean perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) and PFHxS concentrations and higher mean %br PFHxS. Prenatal PFAA exposure and postnatal PFAA exposure significantly contribute to infant PFAA serum concentrations, depending on PFAA carbon chain length. Moderately PFBS- and PFHxS-contaminated drinking water is an important indirect exposure source.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b00770 | DOI Listing |
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