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PREVENTion and treatment of incontinence-associated dermatitis through a codesigned manual (PREVENT-IAD): a study protocol for a feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial with a nested process evaluation.
BMJ Open
December 2024
School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK.
Introduction: Incontinence is commonly experienced by adults who receive care support in a residential facility or in their own home. These individuals are at risk of developing incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD), which is caused by prolonged and repeated exposure of the skin to urine or faeces. An IAD manual was developed providing an evidence-based clinical algorithm and an e-learning training programme for the prevention and treatment of IAD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpisiotomy and innervation zones of the external anal Sphincter: A case series investigating the impact on neurological patterns.
J Electromyogr Kinesiol
December 2024
Department of Obstetrical and Gynecological Pathology, Division of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialities, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. Electronic address:
Objective: To investigate the impact of mediolateral episiotomy on the innervation zones of the External Anal Sphincter (EAS) in the absence and presence of direct muscular injury.
Methods: This case series examined four primiparous women, including three who underwent vaginal deliveries with mediolateral episiotomy and one cesarean section case for reference. Pre- and post-delivery assessments utilized surface electromyography (sEMG) and endoanal ultrasound to evaluate changes in the EAS's innervation zones and obstetrical EAS injuries, alongside the Wexner score for fecal incontinence.
Biofeedback Therapy in Managing Functional Fecal Incontinence in Children: A Literature Review.
Cureus
November 2024
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, PRT.
This literature review explores the role of biofeedback therapy (BFT) in managing functional fecal incontinence (FFI) in children - a common condition with a substantial impact on the quality of life. FFI diagnosis relies primarily on medical history and thorough physical examination and is categorized by the Rome IV criteria into functional constipation (FC) and functional nonretentive fecal incontinence (FNRFI). Treatment options for FFI remain limited, particularly for FNRFI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDecoding the Risks of Fecal Incontinence: A Comprehensive Analysis of Closed Internal Sphincterotomy in Chronic Anal Fissure.
Cureus
November 2024
General Surgery, Lady Reading Hospital Medical Teaching Institution (MTI), Peshawar, PAK.
Introduction An anal fissure is marked by a longitudinal tear in the mucosal lining of the lower anal canal, causing painful defecation and mild anal bleeding. The classical triad includes an anal ulcer, a sentinel tag, and a hypertrophic papilla. This study investigates the frequency of fecal incontinence in patients with anal fissure undergoing closed internal sphincterotomy, offering recent insights for treatment recommendations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCatatonia As Initial Presentation in Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Encephalitis: A Case Report of a 19-Year-Old Patient.
Cureus
November 2024
Neurology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery "Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez", Mexico City, MEX.
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis stands as the most prevalent form of autoimmune encephalitis, primarily affecting young patients and exhibiting a higher incidence among females. Patients frequently present with psychiatric symptoms or cognitive impairments such as speech disturbances, decreased level of consciousness, autonomic dysfunction, as well as seizures, dyskinesias, and catatonia due to overactivation of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors. To date, there is no gold standard for the diagnosis of catatonia; however, a few rating scales exist to measure this phenomenon, with the Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale being the most commonly used due to its validity, reliability, and ease of application.
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