1-Boraphenalenes have been synthesized by reaction of BBr with 1-(aryl-ethynyl)naphthalenes, 1-ethynylnaphthalene, and 1-(pent-1-yn-1-yl)naphthalene and they can be selectively functionalized at boron or carbon to form bench-stable products. All of these 1-boraphenalenes have LUMOs localized on the planar C B core that are closely comparable in character to isoelectronic phenalenyl cations. In contrast to the comparable LUMOs, the aromatic stabilization of the C B ring in 1-boraphenalenes is dramatically lower than the C rings in phenalenyl cations. This is due to the occupied orbitals of π symmetry being less delocalised in the 1-boraphenalenes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201803180 | DOI Listing |
Chemistry
May 2024
Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
NBN- and BNB-doped phenalenyls are isoelectronic to phenalenyl anions and cations, respectively. They represent a pair of complementary molecules that have essentially identical structures but opposite properties as electron donors and acceptors. The NBN-phenalenyls 1-4 considered here were prepared from N,N'-dimethyl-1,8-diaminonaphthalene and readily available boron-containing building blocks (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
March 2024
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.
Neutral 1-boraphenalene displays the isoelectronic structure of the phenalenyl carbocation and is expected to behave as an attractive organoboron multi-redox system. However, the isolation of new redox states have remained elusive even though the preparation of neutral boron(III)-containing phenalene compounds have been extensively studied. Herein, we have adopted an N-heterocyclic carbene ligand stabilization approach to achieve the first isolation of the stable and ambipolar 1-boraphenalenyl radical .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Chem Chem Phys
March 2023
Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China.
Phenalenyl (CH) is the smallest triangular unit of a graphene nanosheet, and has been experimentally verified to be stable in radical (CH˙), cationic (CH), and anionic (CH) states. All these three species feature high symmetry and stability as well as delocalized π electrons, a visible sign of aromaticity, but their aromatic origin remains a challenge. This work reports new chemical insights into the π electrons of CH and deciphers their aromaticity using a recently emerged two-dimensional (2D) superatomic-molecule theory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Rev
July 2022
Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India.
Phenalenyl, a zigzag-edged odd alternant hydrocarbon unit can be found in the graphene nanosheet. Hückel molecular orbital calculations indicate the presence of a nonbonding molecular orbital (NBMO), which originates from the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) arising from 13 carbon atoms of the phenalenyl molecule. Three redox states (cationic, neutral radical, and anionic) of the phenalenyl-based molecules were attributed to the presence of this NBMO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Sci
December 2020
Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur-741246 India
Since the early Hückel molecular orbital (HMO) calculations in 1950, it has been well known that the odd alternant hydrocarbon (OAH), the phenalenyl (PLY) system, can exist in three redox states: closed shell cation (12π e), mono-reduced open shell neutral radical (13π e) and doubly reduced closed shell anion (14π e). Switching from one redox state of PLY to another leads to a slight structural change owing to its low energy of disproportionation making the electron addition or removal process facile. To date, mono-reduced PLY based radicals have been extensively studied.
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