Background: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is a diagnostic challenge. An immunochemistry-based MPT64 antigen detection test (MPT64 test) has reported higher sensitivity in the diagnosis of EPTB compared with conventional methods. The objective of this study was to implement and evaluate the MPT64 test in routine diagnostics in a low-resource setting.
Methods: Patients with presumptive EPTB were prospectively enrolled at Mnazi Mmoja Hospital, Zanzibar, and followed to the end of treatment. Specimens collected were subjected to routine diagnostics, GeneXpert® MTB/RIF assay and the MPT64 test. The performance of the MPT64 test was assessed using a composite reference standard, defining the patients as tuberculosis (TB) cases or non-TB cases.
Results: Patients (n = 132) were classified as confirmed TB (n = 12), probable TB (n = 34), possible TB (n = 18), non-TB (n = 62) and uncategorized (n = 6) cases. Overall, in comparison to the composite reference standard for diagnosis, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of the MPT64 test was 69%, 95%, 94%, 75% and 82%, respectively. The MPT64 test performance was best in TB lymphadenitis cases (n = 67, sensitivity 79%, specificity 97%) and in paediatric TB (n = 41, sensitivity 100%, specificity 96%).
Conclusions: We show that the MPT64 test can be implemented in routine diagnostics in a low-resource setting and improves the diagnosis of EPTB, especially in TB lymphadenitis and in children.
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http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0196723 | PLOS |
Front Immunol
December 2024
Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, CheongJu, Republic of Korea.
As Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine's effectiveness is limited to only children, the development of new tuberculosis (TB) vaccines is being studied using several platforms, and a novel TB vaccine that overcomes this limitation is required. In this study, we designed an effective multi-epitope vaccine against using immunoinformatic analysis. First, we selected 11 highly antigenic proteins based on previous research: Ag85A, Ag85B, Ag85C, ESAT-6, MPT64, Rv2660c, TB10.
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Microbiology Department, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences (FAHS), Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary (SGT) University, Gurugram, India.
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September 2024
Clinic of Tüberculosis, Süreyyapaşa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Introduction: Ehrlich-Ziehl-Neelsen (EZN) staining and culture methods are often used to diagnose tuberculosis. This study aimed to determine the acidfast bacteria (AFS) positivity rates in various clinical samples sent to our laboratory over five years and the growth and resistance rates in two different (solid and liquid) cultures and compare them with the data from Türkiye and the world.
Materials And Methods: A total of 62.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
September 2024
Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
The diagnosis of mycobacterial infections, including both the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), poses a significant global medical challenge. This study proposes a novel approach using immunochromatographic (IC) strip tests for the simultaneous detection of MTBC and NTM. Traditional methods for identifying mycobacteria, such as culture techniques, are hindered by delays in distinguishing between MTBC and NTM, which can affect patient care and disease control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLOS Glob Public Health
August 2024
Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Health Economics, Leadership and Translational Research Group, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) poses challenges from patient and health system perspectives. The cost-effectiveness analysis of the Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) test to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis is documented. However, there are no economic evaluations for EPTB.
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