The Impact of Metronomic Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Oral Cancer.

Background: This study evaluated the efficacy of tegafur-uracil for advanced oral cancer.

Methods: From January 2008 to December 2013, clinical data from 356 patients with stage III or IV oral squamous cell carcinoma who received curative surgical resection and postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy, treated with or without tegafur-uracil, were analyzed from a prospectively designed database. Tegafur-uracil was orally administered to 114 of the 356 patients. Disease-specific survival (DSS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) rates were studied.

Results: In our study, the 5-year OS (p = 0.0008), DFS (p = 0.0034), and DSS (p = 0.0029) rates were significantly better in the tegafur-uracil group than in the control group. Distant metastasis occurred in 16.28% of patients in the tegafur-uracil group and 45.28% in the control group (odds ratio 4.3). The distant metastasis rate in the tegafur-uracil group was significantly lower than the control group, indicating that administration of tegafur-uracil after curative surgical treatment and concurrent chemoradiotherapy prevented distant metastasis and improved the OS, DFS, and DSS rate.

Conclusions: The result of tegafur-uracil treatment in patients with advanced oral cancer showed significant improvement in the 5-year OS, DFS, and DSS rate, while also showing a decreased distant metastasis rate. Tegafur-uracil treatment is a useful, effective, and well-tolerated anticancer treatment for advanced oral cancer.