, , , , and mutation in plasma of small cell lung cancer patients.

Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive and deadly neuroendocrine tumor derived from bronchial epithelial cells. Although it results in a 95% mortality rate, the development of targeted therapies for SCLCs has lagged behind. The aim of this study is to better research mutation characteristics of SCLC and identify potential biomarkers for target therapy.

Methods: We utilized high-resolution melting analysis to identify the mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (), Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (), v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (), phosphatase and tensin homolog (), and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase catalytic () from the blood. A cohort of 99 SCLC patients including 44 limited-stage disease patients and 55 extensive-stage disease patients were prospectively collected.

Results: 18 (G719X) mutation was found in 5 patients, 19 (del) mutation in 2, 20 (T790M) in 3, 21 (L858R) in 2, 2 (G13D) in 5, 15 (V600E) in 1, 9 (E542K) in 1, and no mutations in 5 (R130G), 6 (R173C), 8 (T319fs*1), and 20 (H1047R) were identified. Among these patients, two harbored double mutation, one patient with double mutation and 2 (G13D) mutation.

Conclusion: The mutation form of may differ from lung adenocarcinoma, and mutations of , , and were rare in SCLC. These results aided us in comprehensively analyzing genetic features and laid the foundation for exploring the possibility of target therapy.