An idealized polarizer model that works without the structural and material information is derived in the spatial frequency domain. The non-paraxial property is fully included and the result takes a simple analytical form, which provides a straight-forward explanation for the crosstalk between field components in non-paraxial cases. The polarizer model, in a 2 × 2-matrix form, can be conveniently used in cooperation with other computational optics methods. Two examples in correspondence with related works are presented to verify our polarizer model.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.26.009840 | DOI Listing |
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)
December 2024
Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China.
Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) significantly impacts the survival rates in intensive care units (ICU). Releasing a lot of pro-inflammatory mediators during the progression of the disease is a core feature of ALI, which may lead to uncontrolled inflammation and further damages the tissues and organs of patients. This study explores the potential therapeutic mechanisms of Dexmedetomidine (Dex) in ALI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJACS Au
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
It has become increasingly evident that the conformational distributions of intrinsically disordered proteins or regions are strongly dependent on their amino acid compositions and sequence. To facilitate a systematic investigation of these sequence-ensemble relationships, we selected a set of 16 naturally occurring intrinsically disordered regions of identical length but with large differences in amino acid composition, hydrophobicity, and charge patterning. We probed their conformational ensembles with single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), complemented by circular dichroism (CD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as well as small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Inflamm Res
December 2024
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Purpose: This study aimed to examine the impact of APS on acute kidney injury induced by rhabdomyolysis (RIAKI), exploring its association with macrophage M1 polarization and elucidating the underlying mechanisms.
Methods: C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a normal control group, a RIAKI model group, and an APS treatment group. Techniques such as flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were employed to demonstrate that APS can inhibit the transition of renal macrophages to the M1 phenotype in RIAKI.
Biomater Res
December 2024
Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea.
Hair follicle cells reside within a complex extracellular matrix (ECM) environment in vivo, where physical and chemical cues regulate their behavior. The ECM is crucial for hair follicle development and regeneration, particularly through epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Current in vitro models often fail to replicate this complexity, leading to inconsistencies in evaluating hair loss treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Natl Cancer Cent
December 2024
Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
Background: Completely endophytic renal tumors (CERT) pose significant challenges due to their anatomical complexity and loss of visual clues about tumor location. A facile scoring model based on three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed images will assist in better assessing tumor location and vascular variations.
Methods: In this retrospective study, 80 patients diagnosed with CERT were included.
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