Applications of Pareto distribution are common in reliability, survival and financial studies. In this paper, A Pareto mixture distribution is considered to model a heterogeneous population comprising of two subgroups. Each of two subgroups is characterized by the same functional form with unknown distinct shape and scale parameters. Bayes estimators have been derived using flat and conjugate priors using squared error loss function. Standard errors have also been derived for the Bayes estimators. An interesting feature of this study is the preparation of components of Fisher Information matrix.
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Biom J
April 2025
Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Borrowing external controls to augment the concurrent control arm is a popular topic in clinical trials. Bayesian dynamic borrowing methods adaptively discount external controls according to prior-data conflict. For the Gaussian endpoint, parameter-specific information borrowing enables differential discounting between the population mean and variance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
March 2025
Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Background: Ontario, being one of Canada's largest provinces, has been central to the high incidence of human Mpox. Research is scarce on how socio-environmental factors influence Mpox incidences. This study seeks to explore potential geographical correlations and the relationship between indicators of social marginalization and Mpox incidence rate in Ontario.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Infect Dis
March 2025
Nutritional Sciences Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background: The bidirectional association of HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis (TB) presents significant global health challenges. However, the relationship between these dual epidemics and the heterogeneity in their mortality rate patterns have not been properly addressed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to cluster and model the joint trajectories of HIV/AIDS and TB mortality rates from 1990 to 2021 worldwide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Hum Genet
March 2025
Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Pathogenic variants in the EMD gene cause X-linked Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy type 1 (EDMD1), typically presenting with joint contractures and skeletal muscle atrophy, followed by atrial arrhythmias, cardiac conduction defects, and atrial dilatation. Although an association with isolated dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) has been suggested, evidence is currently insufficient to verify the gene-disease association. We investigated the causality of a missense variant, c.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
March 2025
Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Precision Drive and Equipment, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330099, China.
Artificial intelligence (AI) has promoted application and development of self-driving cars. However, when self-driving cars encounter ethical dilemma, it is still hard to make a satisficing and clear decision-making by these present moral rules and mechanisms, which makes people distrust in self-driving cars in real life. It is necessary to design a computational and multi-factor decision-making model for self-driving cars.
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